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Ninh Binh 的 Den Vua Le Dai Hanh:游客指南 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Destinations · north · ninh-binh

Ninh Binh 的 Den Vua Le Dai Hanh:游客指南

参观 Den Vua Le Dai Hanh 的实用指南。这座建于10世纪的寺庙位于古都 Hoa Lu,旨在纪念越南早期最重要的国王之一。

By the Wayfarer teamMay 24, 20266 min read
Aerial view of a traditional Vietnamese temple surrounded by lush greenery, capturing the serene atmosphere and architectural harmony.
↑ Aerial view of a traditional Vietnamese temple surrounded by lush greenery, capturing the serene atmosphere and architectural harmony.Photo by HONG SON on Pexels
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#den vua le dai hanh#ninh binh#hoa lu#north#destinations#temples#history
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    景点介绍

    Den Vua Le Dai Hanh 是一座供奉 Le Hoan(941–1005)的寺庙。这位国王建立了前黎朝,并在古都 Hoa Lu 统治越南。这座寺庙位于 Ninh Binh (닌빈 / 宁平 / ニンビン) 省的 Hoa Lu 古都建筑群内,距离 Ninh Binh 市中心西北约 12 km。它比相邻的 Den Vua Dinh Tien Hoang 规模更小、也更安静,但在建筑上却比后者更有趣——木材更古老,修复痕迹更少,氛围也更浓厚。

    Le Hoan 在 Dinh 朝代崩溃后掌权,他在位期间致力于抵御宋朝的入侵并向南扩张。这座寺庙最初建于11世纪,历经多次重建,目前的建筑主要可追溯到17世纪,并带有一些后期的扩建。其布局遵循“内工外国”(noi cong ngoai quoc)的建筑风格——内部建筑由走廊连接,形成一个长方形的围合空间。

    推荐理由

    在1010年 Thang Long(现代的 Hanoi)取而代之之前,Hoa Lu 曾是越南 (베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム) 的首都。Den Vua Le Dai Hanh 能让你感受到 Hanoi 之前的时代气息,而且没有 Imperial Citadel Thang Long 那样拥挤的人潮。寺庙建筑群很紧凑——步行 30–40 分钟即可逛完——但石阶上的雕龙、保留着原始木柱的幽暗内殿以及周围的荷花池,都让这里值得一游,特别是如果你已经打算去 Hoa Lu 或附近的 Tam Coc 的话。

    大多数游客会将其与步行5分钟即可到达的 Den Vua Dinh Tien Hoang 搭配游览,然后前往 Trang An 或 Tam Coc 欣赏喀斯特地貌。在你换乘小船和自行车之前,这里非常适合作为 Ninh Binh 半日文化环线的一部分。

    最佳游玩时间

    最佳游玩时间是2月至4月以及9月至11月。2月和3月会迎来 Hoa Lu 节(农历三月初八至初十左右),届时寺庙里挤满了游行队伍、香火和当地的仪式——如果你不介意人多,非常值得一看。在节日之外的时间,早上9点前通常没什么人。

    如果你不喜欢闷热潮湿的天气,请避开6月至8月;寺庙庭院里的阴凉处很有限。12月和1月可能会阴天且下毛毛雨,不过周围石灰岩山丘上缭绕的薄雾也别有一番韵味。

    交通指南

    从 Hanoi (하노이 / 河内 / ハノイ) 出发(约 95 km):

    • 巴士: 从 Giap Bat 汽车站到 Ninh Binh 市,约 2 小时,80,000–100,000 VND。从 Ninh Binh 市区乘坐 Grab 摩托车或当地的 xe om(摩的)前往 Hoa Lu(12 km),大约需要 40,000–60,000 VND。
    • 摩托车: 沿 QL1A 国道或较新的高速公路(Cao toc Cau Gie – Ninh Binh)直达,摩托车过路费约 40,000 VND。根据路况,大约需要 1.5–2 小时。
    • 火车: 从 Hanoi 到 Ninh Binh 火车站,2–2.5 小时,根据座位等级票价在 75,000–120,000 VND 之间。然后乘坐出租车或 Grab 前往 Hoa Lu。

    从 Ninh Binh 市中心出发,你也可以租一辆自行车骑行前往 Hoa Lu——路面相对平坦,大约需要 40 分钟,沿途会经过稻田和宁静的小村庄。

    越南 Ninh Binh 省 Tam Coc 郁郁葱葱的田野和蜿蜒河流的壮丽鸟瞰图。

    照片由 Hugo Guillemard 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    游玩亮点

    漫步寺庙大殿

    正殿(Bai Duong)是举行仪式的地方——抬头看看屋顶的横梁,其中一些是17世纪保留下来的原装硬木。后殿供奉着 Le Hoan 的祭坛和 Duong Van Nga 王后的雕像,她曾是 Dinh Tien Hoang 国王的妻子,后来又嫁给了 Le Hoan(越南历史确实有些复杂)。前阶上展示前黎朝风格龙纹的石雕,是越南北部现存最古老的石雕范例之一。

    与 Den Vua Dinh Tien Hoang 对比

    两座寺庙相距5分钟步行路程,且共用门票(免费入场)。Dinh Tien Hoang 的寺庙规模更大,修复得也更完善;而 Le Dai Hanh 的寺庙则显得更粗犷、幽暗,更具历史沧桑感。同时参观这两座寺庙,能让你感受到这两个朝代在 Hoa Lu 是如何交替更迭的。

    攀登 Ma Yen 山

    在 Hoa Lu 建筑群的后方,有一条石阶通向 Ma Yen(马鞍山)——大约有 260 级台阶。从山顶可以俯瞰古都遗址、稻田和喀斯特峰林的全景。登顶大约需要 15–20 分钟。记得带水。

    在 Hoa Lu 节期间游览

    如果你恰好在节日期间(通常在4月,请查看农历)来访,你会看到传统的摔跤、“co nguoi”(真人象棋)、河上的赛船以及皇家游行的重现。这是越南北部规模较大的寺庙节日之一,为这片遗址注入了真正的活力。

    随后骑行前往 Tam Coc 或 Trang An

    Hoa Lu 位于 Trang An 景观群的北端。参观完寺庙后,可以骑车或开车向南前往 Tam Coc(6 km),乘船穿梭于稻田和喀斯特地貌之间;或者前往 Trang An(4 km),体验更长的穿越洞穴的划船路线。

    附近美食

    Ninh Binh 的招牌菜是“com chay”——从锅底刮下来的锅巴,炸得酥脆,配上炒羊肉或肉松一起吃。在 Hoa Lu 和 Tam Coc 之间沿路的小餐馆里都能找到这道菜。一盘大约 50,000–80,000 VND。

    羊肉(“thit de”)是另一种当地特产——可以烤、炖或做成火锅。Thung Nham 附近以及 Trang An 路沿线的餐馆都有供应。准备每人 150,000–250,000 VND 的预算,就能享用一顿包含米饭和配菜的丰盛羊肉大餐。

    住宿推荐

    • 经济型: Tam Coc 村庄周围的民宿和客栈,200,000–400,000 VND/晚。提供基础客房,主人热情好客,通常包含自行车租赁服务。
    • 中档型: Ninh Binh 市区或 Tam Coc 路沿线的小型酒店,500,000–900,000 VND。配有空调、舒适的床铺,部分酒店带有游泳池。
    • 高端型: Trang An 和 Tam Coc 附近的几家精品度假村,1,500,000–3,000,000 VND。可欣赏稻田景观,环境清幽。

    住在 Tam Coc 附近是游览 Hoa Lu 和体验乘船游的最佳大本营。

    越南 Hanoi 传统石雕龙的细节特写。

    照片由 Hồng Quang Official 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    当地人的实用建议

    • Hoa Lu 寺庙免费开放。没有售票亭,也没有隔离绳。
    • 穿着得体——遮住肩膀和膝盖。这里不仅是旅游景点,更是活跃的宗教祭祀场所。
    • 如果你想上香,请自带香火(外面有小贩售卖,价格 10,000 VND)。
    • 停车场提供摩托车和汽车停车位,收费 10,000–20,000 VND。不要将贵重物品放在显眼处。
    • 景区入口处的当地导游可以带你游览两座寺庙,费用约为 100,000–150,000 VND。如果你想了解历史背景,这笔钱花得很值——因为这里的指示牌很少,而且大部分是越南语。

    避坑指南

    • 只看 Dinh Tien Hoang 而跳过 Le Dai Hanh。 大多数旅游大巴只去较大的那座寺庙。多走 5 分钟吧——更古老、未经过度修饰的 Le Dai Hanh 寺庙在建筑上更胜一筹。
    • 中午来访。 这里没有阴凉处,拍照光线刺眼,而且所有的旅行团都会在上午10点到下午2点之间到达。
    • 没有与 Tam Coc 或 Trang An 结合游玩。 单独游览 Hoa Lu 只需要 45 分钟到一个小时。它最适合作为半日喀斯特风光游览前的文化开胃菜。
    • 指望有英文指示牌。 这里几乎没有英文指示牌。请下载翻译软件或请一位当地导游。

    实用须知

    如果你在 Ninh Binh 游玩,Den Vua Le Dai Hanh 是一个短暂但收获满满的停靠点——将它与喀斯特乘船游结合起来,你就能在一天内同时领略历史与自然风光。在非节日期间,这座寺庙从不拥挤,这也是它值得你花时间游览的原因之一。