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Cha Ca La Vong:Hanoi的传奇烤鱼 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Food & Drink · north · hanoi

Cha Ca La Vong:Hanoi的传奇烤鱼

150多年来,最初的Cha Ca La Vong餐厅只供应一道菜:在Hanoi老城区的共享餐桌上,用炭火烤制姜黄腌制的鲶鱼。这种对单一菜肴的执着为其赢得了全球的赞誉。

By the Wayfarer teamMar 22, 20268 min read
Vietnamese cuisine
↑ Vietnamese cuisineImage via Wikipedia (Vietnamese cuisine, CC BY-SA)
Tags
#cha ca#grilled fish#hanoi#vietnamese cuisine#old quarter#catfish
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    只做一道菜的餐厅

    在Hanoi老城区的Cha Ca Street(原名Hang Son Street),有一家150多年来只做一件事的餐厅:烹饪“cha ca la vong”。这个名字源于店内的一座雕像——11世纪的战略家Truong Tu Nha,但当地人只知道这里是Doan家族将烤鱼做到极致的地方。这家餐厅于1871年在Hang Son Street 14号开业,从那时起就一直坚守着最初的菜单。

    这条街实际上是以这道菜重新命名的。这在Hanoi几乎是前所未有的——这座城市的街道通常以将军、学者和革命人物的名字命名。Cha Ca Street是个例外:它是Hoan Kiem District的一条狭窄小巷,位于Hoan Kiem Lake以北约200米处,完全因一个家族的厨艺而闻名。如果你从湖边走来,沿着Hang Dau往上走,向左转,几分钟内就能看到招牌。14号的建筑从外面看很容易错过——褪色的油漆、陡峭的楼梯、没有显眼的品牌标志。但那就是正宗的老店。

    你吃的是什么

    “Cha ca la vong”建立在一个单一的基础上:ca lang(一种鲶鱼),切成块,用姜黄、高良姜、发酵米和香料腌制。鱼肉先在炭火上烤制,然后放在热锅里,伴随着葱和新鲜的莳萝,滋滋作响地端上你的餐桌。

    你可以把它放在“bun”(米粉)上吃,撒上烤花生、新鲜香草,并蘸着“mam tom”——一种味道浓烈的虾酱,闻起来比吃起来更冲。这种相互作用是刻意为之的:烟熏味的鱼肉、芳香的香草、酥脆的坚果、发酵的咸鲜味。它的风味非常直接,绝不平淡。

    在这里用餐是一种共享体验。大家围坐在长桌旁,每张桌子上都放着炭炉。服务员直接从厨房端来滋滋作响的烤鱼锅。这既是一顿晚餐,也是一场视觉盛宴。

    标准份量大约是每人150,000–200,000 VND(截至2024年约为6–8美元)。按照Hanoi(하노이 / 河内 / ハノイ)街头小吃的标准来看,这算昂贵的了——街边的一碗Pho只要40,000–60,000 VND,而一个Banh Mi则是20,000–30,000 VND。但你付钱买的是鱼本身(ca lang并不便宜)、炭火设备,坦白说,还有150年的声誉。饮料是单算的。一杯bia hoi(生啤)或Hanoi啤酒需要额外支付15,000–30,000 VND。

    Hanoi拼图

    图片由Cheong提供。原始上传者为en.wikipedia的Cheong Kok Chun,来自Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA)

    如何点餐和正确享用

    你不需要为菜单上的选择而苦恼——这就是只做一道菜的餐厅的魅力所在。你坐下来,告诉他们有几个人,鱼就会端上来。但是,想要吃得地道是有技巧的,而初次品尝的人往往会忽略这一点。

    当锅端上来时,鱼已经煮得半熟了。桌上的炭炉会让它继续加热。在你开始夹鱼块之前,先让莳萝在油中稍微变软。莳萝的边缘应该变暗并变得酥脆——这是风味的体现,而不是煮过头了。在你的碗里铺上食材:底部放bun,然后是鱼块,接着抓一把花生,放几根香菜和紫苏,最后加上一勺混合了挤好的青柠汁和辣椒片的mam tom。

    如果mam tom对你来说太冲了,可以要“nuoc mam”(鱼露)代替。没人会评判你。许多越南食客也不吃虾酱。但如果你能接受,mam tom那种发酵的独特风味才是让这道菜完整的关键——它将姜黄腌鱼的浓郁与香草的清新完美地连接起来,这是普通鱼露无法做到的。

    一句实用的短语:“Cho them bun”意思是“请多加点米粉”。第一份的鱼肉和米粉比例通常是鱼肉偏多,你会想要额外的bun来蘸取碗底的酱汁和油脂。

    为什么它如此重要

    CNN在2016年将其评为世界上最美味的越南菜之一。《纽约时报》的Florence Fabricant写道:“姜黄、莳萝、虾酱和鱼露的食材组合,散发出一种迷人的独特香气,辅以辣椒、爽滑的米粉和大量其他新鲜香草,为湿润的鱼块调味。十年后,我的记忆依然鲜活。”

    这道菜之所以能流传至今,是因为它本身非常出色,也因为Doan家族拒绝盲目跟风。在Hanoi,其他餐厅也供应“cha ca”——使用不同的鱼、走捷径、采用现代摆盘的改良版。但这家老店只供应最原汁原味的做法。正是这种独一无二的特质吸引了国际美食作家,也让当地人流连忘返。

    了解这道菜与其他Hanoi经典美食的不同之处是很有必要的。一碗Bun Cha——2016年Barack Obama和Anthony Bourdain曾一起品尝过的那种带有烟熏味的烤猪肉拌粉——同样以炭火和香草为基础,但它的结构截然不同:酸甜的汤汁、肥美的猪肉,旁边配着凉爽的米粉。而Cha Ca La Vong没有汤汁。它的脂肪来自鱼肉和锅里的油。在整个用餐过程中,热量一直留在你的餐桌上。从结构上看,它比任何其他越南米粉菜肴都更接近韩国烤肉。

    Hanoi Vietnam 无处不在的塑料椅子-01

    图片由CEphoto的Uwe Aranas提供,来自Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA)

    模仿者:Cha Ca Thang Long及其他

    在距离老店几个街区的范围内,你会发现几十家“cha ca”餐厅。最著名的替代选择是位于Duong Thanh 19-21-31号的Cha Ca Thang Long,步行大约需要五分钟。那里更干净,对游客更友好,也更便宜——每份大约120,000–150,000 VND。鱼肉很不错,莳萝也很新鲜。但他们使用的是燃气炉而不是炭炉,腌料的味道也偏淡。

    其他受欢迎的地点包括Cha Ca Anh Vu(Hai Ba Trung District的K Mai 120号)和Cha Ca Lao Ngu(在全市有多个分店)。每家店都做了一些小改动——有的放了更多高良姜,有的在锅里加了番茄。它们都不是最原始的配方,但有几家确实很好吃。如果你在Ho Chi Minh City,你可以在第一区找到做法相当不错的cha ca餐厅,尽管这道菜属于Hanoi,就像Com Tam属于Saigon一样。

    最正宗的Cha Ca La Vong每天的营业时间大约是上午11:00到下午2:00,以及下午5:00到晚上9:00。最好在11:30或5:30之前到达以避免排队。餐厅位于二楼和三楼——一楼没有座位。

    外国人常犯的错误

    完全不吃mam tom。 我懂——那味道确实有些冲。但至少试着蘸一点混合了青柠汁的虾酱。它能让这道菜升华。你可以点nuoc mam作为备选,但请给虾酱一个机会。

    太早直接从锅里夹鱼吃。 让莳萝发挥它的作用。香草需要在热锅里煎一分钟才能释放出精油。如果你立刻把所有东西都夹出来,你吃到的只是半成品。

    走错餐厅。 在Cha Ca Street上,至少有三家名字听起来相似的店。正宗的老店在14号楼上。如果有人站在人行道上热情地向你招手揽客,那很可能不是正牌店。

    期待一顿丰盛的多道菜大餐。 这是一家只做一道菜的餐厅。你只能吃cha ca。你可能会得到一盘配菜香草。仅此而已。如果你想在一顿饭里吃到多种花样,这里不适合你——你可以先去别的地方吃点Bun Rieu或Banh Cuon,然后再来这里品尝重头戏。

    将它与其他鱼类菜肴进行比较。 Cha Ca La Vong在东南亚烹饪中没有真正的同类。它不是泰式咖喱鱼。也不是柬埔寨的阿莫克(Amok)。姜黄、莳萝和虾酱的组合是越南北部独有的。请把它当成一种独一无二的体验。

    快速参考

    • 菜品: Cha Ca La Vong —— 姜黄腌制的烤鲶鱼配莳萝,搭配米粉食用
    • 正宗老店: Cha Ca La Vong,Hanoi市Hoan Kiem District,Cha Ca Street 14号(原Hang Son)
    • 价格: 老店每人约150,000–200,000 VND;替代餐厅约120,000–150,000 VND
    • 营业时间: 每天约11:00–14:00和17:00–21:00
    • 核心调料: Mam tom(发酵虾酱),与青柠和辣椒混合
    • 备选调料: 如果mam tom味道太重,可选择Nuoc mam(鱼露)
    • 实用短语: “Cho them bun” = 请多加点米粉
    • 如何前往: 从Hoan Kiem Lake向北穿过老城区步行约600米。或者从Hanoi市中心的大多数地方叫一辆Grab摩托车,费用为15,000–20,000 VND。
    • 附近最佳替代选择: Cha Ca Thang Long,Duong Thanh 19-21-31号,步行约5分钟
    • 完美搭配: 饭后向南步行10分钟,到Giang Cafe喝一杯鸡蛋咖啡

    走出Hanoi

    随着这道菜跨越国界,厨师们对其进行了改良。由于买不到ca lang,美国餐厅使用烤鲶鱼、巴沙鱼、罗非鱼,甚至比目鱼。食谱在流传;食材的灵活性让它在Vietnam(베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム)之外得以延续。但这道菜的灵魂——姜黄、炭火烟熏、共享进餐——依然完好无损。

    在Vietnam国内,这道菜固执地保持着北方的特色。在Da Nang或Hoi An,你找不到顶级的cha ca,那里的米粉话题总是围绕着Mi Quang和Cao Lau展开。而在南部的Saigon(사이공 / 西贡 / サイゴン),Hu Tieu和Com Tam主导着当地人的味蕾。Cha ca是一道Hanoi菜,在Hanoi吃起来味道最好——部分原因是来自红河三角洲的ca lang供应链,部分原因则是那里干燥凉爽的冬天,让滋滋作响的炭火锅显得恰到好处。

    对于任何在Hanoi用餐的人来说,Cha Ca La Vong绝不仅仅是一个游客打卡点。这顿饭能让你感受到一个家族150年来对一道菜的执着。这绝对值得你入座品尝。

    总结

    Cha Ca La Vong是Vietnam为数不多的、最初的餐厅依然存在、依然用炭火烹饪、并且依然只供应这一道菜的美食之一。去Cha Ca Street 14号,坐下来,让莳萝在锅里变软,然后像人们自1871年以来那样去品尝它。不是每一顿饭背后都需要一个故事——但这顿饭的故事,是它应得的。