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Can Tho 的 Chua Bon Mat:四面佛寺游客指南 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Destinations · south · can-tho

Can Tho 的 Chua Bon Mat:四面佛寺游客指南

Chua Bon Mat 是 Can Tho 省的一座高棉佛寺,拥有一座引人注目的四面佛神龛。以下是您在参观前需要了解的信息。

By the Wayfarer teamMay 24, 20266 min read
Tranquil scene of a pagoda reflecting in a water canal in Tra Vinh, Vietnam's lush forest.
↑ Tranquil scene of a pagoda reflecting in a water canal in Tra Vinh, Vietnam's lush forest.Photo by Nguyen Truong Khang on Pexels
Tags
#chua bon mat#can tho#south#destinations#khmer pagoda#mekong delta#khmer culture
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    景点简介

    Chua Bon Mat(四面佛寺)是一座高棉佛教寺庙,位于原 Soc Trang 省(现已并入扩建后的 Can Tho 行政区)。它的名字来源于其中央神龛中供奉的一尊四面佛(梵天)雕像,每张脸孔分别朝向一个基本方位。这座佛寺将高棉上座部佛教建筑与借鉴自泰国和柬埔寨的宗教设计元素融合在一起,使其与你在 Mekong Delta (메콩 델타 / 湄公河三角洲 / メコンデルタ) 大部分地区看到的汉传佛教寺庙截然不同。

    该建筑群已有几十年的历史,多年来在当地高棉社区的捐助下不断扩建和翻修。Mekong Delta 拥有庞大的高棉人口(约 130 万人),他们的佛寺同时兼具社区中心、学校和礼拜场所的功能。Chua Bon Mat 是该地区在视觉上最引人注目的典范之一。

    为什么值得一游

    大多数前往 Can Tho (껀터 / 芹苴 / カントー) 的游客会直奔 Cai Rang 水上市场,吃点“hu tieu”,然后就离开了。这无可厚非,但这也意味着周边地区的高棉佛寺几乎没有外国游客光顾。Chua Bon Mat 值得您绕道前往,原因有以下几点。

    首先,这里的建筑与你在 Vietnam (베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム) 其他地方看到的截然不同。尖顶、那伽(Naga)蛇神雕刻和多层尖塔,比起 Hanoi 或 Saigon 的建筑,更接近你在金边能看到的风格。其次,四面佛雕像巨大且华丽,从任何角度拍摄都非常出片——它是那种实物比照片更好看的景致,这很难得。第三,寺庙内通常很安静。你可能是那里唯一的非本地人,这意味着你可以真正与僧侣或看门人交谈,而无需与旅游团争抢空间。

    如果你参观过 Soc Trang 市区的高棉佛寺——比如 Chua Doi(蝙蝠寺)或 Chua Dat Set(泥塑寺)——Chua Bon Mat 同样契合这一文化路线,并能为你了解越南南部高棉人的生活增添新的视角。

    最佳游玩时间

    旱季(大约 11 月至次年 4 月)是最舒适的时间。12 月至 2 月是理想之选:湿度较低,早晨较凉爽,且几乎不下雨。寺庙位于室外,庭院里的阴凉处有限,因此如果在雨季(5 月至 10 月)前往,你很可能会遭遇午后的倾盆大雨。

    如果时间安排得当,在高棉节日期间来访会带来完全不同的体验。4 月中旬的高棉新年(Chol Chnam Thmay)以及 10 月或 11 月的拜月节(Ok Om Bok),会为整个三角洲的佛寺带来庆典、传统音乐和社区聚会。Chua Bon Mat 在这些时期会变得非常热闹,僧侣们通常也很乐意让举止尊重的游客在一旁观礼。

    交通指南

    从 Can Tho 市中心(特别是 Ninh Kieu 码头区)出发,距离寺庙大约 50-60 km(具体取决于确切位置),骑摩托车或开车大约需要 1.5 小时。沿途是平坦的三角洲公路,大部分是路况良好的柏油路,穿过村庄时会有一些狭窄的路段。

    骑摩托车: 在 Can Tho 租一辆半自动踏板摩托车每天的费用为 120,000–150,000 VND。这是最好的选择,因为你可以沿途在其他高棉佛寺、稻田和路边的“[com tam](/posts/com-tam-saigon (사이공 / 西贡 / サイゴン)-broken-rice)”摊位停下来。谷歌地图导航在这里很好用。

    乘坐 Grab 汽车: 从 Can Tho 市中心出发的单程 Grab 费用约为 300,000–400,000 VND。问题在于返程——市区外很难叫到 Grab 司机,因此请与司机协商往返等待的费用,或提前安排好接送服务。

    乘坐当地公交车: 可行但速度较慢。从 Can Tho 中心汽车站开往 Soc Trang 的公交车班次很规律(票价约 60,000–80,000 VND),但最后一段前往寺庙的路程你需要乘坐 xe om(摩托车出租车)。单程需预留 2–2.5 小时。

    泰国曼谷 Wat Saman Rattanaram 寺庙里精致的四面佛雕像,背景是晴朗的蓝天。

    照片由 Kirandeep Singh Walia 发布于 Pexels

    游玩亮点

    漫步主神殿

    内部的壁画描绘了《本生经》(Jataka tales)中的场景——即佛陀前世的故事。它们以明亮的原色绘制,具有民间艺术的特质。抬头看看天花板上的木雕嵌板,那是当地高棉工匠引以为傲的杰作。

    绕行四面佛像

    供奉四面佛的中央神龛坐落在庭院中。每张脸孔代表一种不同的品质——慈悲、仁爱、同情和平静。当地人会顺时针绕行三圈并许下愿望。你也可以这样做。只需少量捐赠,通常就能获得香和莲花。

    与僧侣交谈

    这不是一座面向游客、配有英文标牌的寺庙。如果有僧侣在附近并且愿意聊天(许多年轻僧侣会说一些英语或能使用翻译软件),不妨问问寺庙在社区中的作用。越南的高棉佛寺与典型的越南佛教寺庙运作方式不同——它们通常是男孩学习、社区做出决策以及保护文化传统的场所。

    拍摄那伽阶梯

    蛇神排列的阶梯和外部雕刻在清晨和傍晚的光线下显得格外美丽。如果你喜欢摄影,请在早上 8 点前或下午 4 点后到达。

    探访附近的高棉村落

    周边地区是高棉农户的家园。骑着摩托车在乡间小路上穿梭片刻,你就能感受到一种似乎未受 Can Tho 市区旅游热潮影响的生活节奏。

    附近美食

    三角洲地区受高棉影响的美食被严重低估了。寻找一下“bun nuoc leo”——这是一种高棉风味的鱼汤粉,配有气味浓烈的发酵鱼汤、猪肉和新鲜香草。它与“pho”或“bun rieu”截然不同——味道更浓郁、更接地气,通常配有香蕉花和空心菜。在当地摊位,一碗的价格为 25,000–35,000 VND。

    如果想吃点甜的,寺庙附近的小市场里常见使用棕榈糖、椰奶和糯米制作的高棉甜点。你可以点一份“che”(越南甜汤和布丁的统称),然后指着任何看起来不错的东西买就行了。

    住宿推荐

    寺庙本身不提供住宿。最好的办法是住在 Can Tho 市区,然后进行一日游。

    • 经济型: Can Tho 的 Hai Ba Trung 街沿线的宾馆每晚价格为 200,000–350,000 VND。
    • 中档型: Ninh Kieu 码头附近条件不错的酒店价格为 500,000–900,000 VND(含早餐)。
    • 奢华型: 沿河的几家精品酒店收费在 1,200,000–2,000,000 VND 之间,并提供游泳池。

    传统越南佛教寺庙建筑的低角度仰视图,屋顶装饰华丽。

    照片由 HONG SON 发布于 Pexels

    实用提示

    • 穿着得体。 遮住肩膀和膝盖。这适用于所有人,而不仅仅是女性。僧侣可能不会说什么,但当地人会注意到。
    • 脱鞋。 在进入任何建筑物之前请脱鞋。可以效仿里面的人的做法。
    • 携带现金。 寺庙附近没有自动取款机(ATM)。欢迎在捐款箱中进行小额捐赠(20,000–50,000 VND)。
    • 带上水和防晒霜。 寺庙没有便利店。最近的商店可能在几公里之外。
    • 未经允许请勿放飞无人机。 寺庙是宗教场所,未经授权使用无人机会引起真正的冒犯。

    避免常见误区

    不要将这座寺庙与 Soc Trang 市区的 Chua Bon Mat 混淆——行政边界发生了变化,GPS 定位可能不可靠。出发前请在谷歌地图上反复确认定位。也不要把这里当成一个只需 30 分钟的快速打卡点。算上路程和实际游览寺庙的时间,你至少需要半天。此外,不要错过周围的乡村风光——穿梭在椰林和稻田之间的骑行之旅,本身就是这趟行程的一半乐趣所在。

    行程建议

    Chua Bon Mat 非常适合与更广泛的湄公河三角洲环线游搭配。你可以将其与早上的 Cai Rang 水上市场结合起来,下午游览寺庙,从而在 Can Tho 度过充实的一天。如果你要继续向南行进,Soc Trang 和 Tra Vinh 周围的高棉佛寺构成了一条大多数游客从未涉足的松散环线。