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Thang Co Ha Giang:只在苗族集市上才能找到的马肉炖汤 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Food & Drink · north · ha-giang

Thang Co Ha Giang:只在苗族集市上才能找到的马肉炖汤

Thang co是苗族高地炖汤,旅行者或主动寻觅,或偶然邂逅——马肉、内脏与手磨香料在北部集镇的明火上慢炖数小时。

By the Wayfarer teamMay 15, 20265 min read
Two young children in a rustic Vietnamese setting, reflecting local culture.
↑ Two young children in a rustic Vietnamese setting, reflecting local culture.Photo by Q. Hưng Phạm on Pexels
Tags
#ha giang#thang co#hmong#ethnic cuisine#horse meat#highland markets#dong van#meo vac#corn wine#northern vietnam
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    Ha Giang的周末集市并非为游客而设。它的存在,是因为苗族、瑶族和壮族社区需要一个交易、叙旧、共同用餐的地方。"Thang co"——马肉和内脏在黢黑的大锅里慢火熬制的炖汤——正是这些清晨时光的灵魂所在。

    锅里有什么

    Thang co不是一道精致的菜肴。汤底以马肉和各种内脏为主:肺、肝、肾、肠,以及通常会有的凝固血块切丁。所有食材连同骨汤一起倒入大型铸铁锅或钢锅,整个上午都以小火慢炖。

    香料配方是厨师各展所长之处。传统做法使用mac khen(一种原产于北部高地的近花椒香料)、生姜、香茅、高良姜、辣椒,有时还加干豆蔻。没有统一的配方——每家或每个摊主都有自己的比例,且全部手工研磨。成品炖汤带着烟熏气息,隐约透着野味,鲜香浓郁,汤汁挂勺。

    部分摊主如今会在马肉之外加入牛肉或猪肉,一方面是出于成本考量,另一方面也是为了照顾对马肉有顾虑的食客。如果想吃传统做法,走近锅前时,请明确说要马肉——ngua。

    苗族为何吃这道菜

    马是高地的役用动物。它们驮货穿行于摩托车无法通行的崎岖山路,具有实实在在的经济价值。Thang co在历史上是对年老或已死亡的马匹的充分利用——将整头牲口做成一道共享的饭食,而非任其腐坏。在集市上吃这道菜,过去是、现在仍是一种社交仪式,远不止是一顿饭。

    北部高地的集市通常每周一次,在附近各镇轮流举行。各家各户步行或骑行数小时前来赶集。到了上午中段,thang co大锅已经熬了数个钟头,人们聚拢在矮塑料凳上,围着共用的碗盘而坐。三代同桌的景象并不罕见。

    这道菜承载着文化分量。将thang co奉给客人,是一种欢迎的姿态。吃下它,意味着你愿意以这片土地本来的方式与它相遇。

    哪些集市能找到它

    Dong Van

    Dong Van位于Ha Giang城区以北约150公里,每逢周日举办集市。集市广场周边的老街区至今保留着法式骑楼,thang co摊位通常设在摊位外圈,大锅和围拢的苗族男子——身着传统服饰——往往是最好的路标。请在上午9点前到达——那时汤底最为鲜美,大锅到上午晚些时候便会见底。

    Meo Vac

    Meo Vac的周日集市汇聚了来自Meo Vac县各处乃至边境山脊另一侧的苗族、瑶族和Lo Lo族社区。这里比Dong Van更大、更热闹,小吃区也更为集中。这里的thang co通常盛在深碗里,配一份蒸米饭或一小篮面包。Meo Vac距Dong Van约24公里,沿Ma Pi Leng山口公路而行——光是这段路本身就值得专程前往。

    其他轮换小集市

    Dong Van和Meo Vac是最容易安排行程的集市,但Yen Minh(每周四)和Quan Ba(每周日)的集市同样有thang co摊位。小集市的氛围更为安静,有些人反而更喜欢这种感觉。

    在克罗地亚Garešnica户外,一口大锅在明火上烹煮。

    摄影:Vladimir Srajber,图片来源:Pexels

    如何点餐

    这里没有菜单。走近大锅,与摊主对视,伸出手指示意要几碗。一份通常售价30,000至50,000 VND,因集市和摊主而异。你一般会得到一碗炖汤,有时附上一小碟新鲜香草或切片辣椒。

    如果想跳过内脏、只要肉类,用手指出你想要的部分——大多数摊主会照着捞。拿不准的话,就指着旁边人碗里的东西。

    请携带小面额现金。在高地集市摊位,不要指望能找开200,000 VND的整钞。

    搭配玉米酒

    "Can ruou ngo"——玉米酒——是天然的配档。这是一种用发酵玉米蒸馏而成的清澈烈酒,能切断炖汤的油腻感。桌上的小陶杯会不断续满。酒精度数因批次而异,但普遍较高;在早上9点这个时间,浅酌才是正确打开方式。

    如果不想喝酒,集市摊位上随时备有热茶。没有人会催着你喝酒。

    Dong Van古镇集市入口的风景,挂着灯笼,山峦为背景。

    摄影:Nguyen Khuong,图片来源:Pexels

    关于文化尊重

    苗族集市上的thang co餐桌,并非专为外来游客打造的旅游体验。你是受欢迎的,但你是客人,置身于一个为这个社区而存在的空间里。有几点值得留意:

    拍照前请先询问,尤其是面对女性和孩子。部分摊主和食客乐于接受;许多人并不愿意。拒绝拍照的请求,不是换个角度再试一次的邀请。

    不要对内脏大惊小怪。如果这道菜不合你的口味,悄悄点肉类部分或直接跳过即可。在任何地方,对他人的传统食物表现出嫌恶都是失礼之举。

    学会两个词:cam on(谢谢)和ngon(好吃)。它们会让你走得更顺。

    实用信息

    Ha Giang的边境地区自驾摩托需要申请通行许可——途经Ha Giang城区时,在Ha Giang旅游局办公室办理。大多数集市从早上6点左右持续到正午,餐食摊位结束最早。如果计划在一次行程中同时走访Dong Van和Meo Vac的集市,两者均在周日举行,因此建议将Ha Giang安排为多天环线行程,而非一日游。