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🇨🇳 Food & Drink · north

Banh Giay:历史、变体及品尝地指南

这种圆形的白色米糕与Banh Chung一同出现在越南的建国神话中——这是一份关于Banh Giay究竟是什么、如何制作以及去哪里品尝的指南。

Wayfarer 团队May 26, 20264 分钟阅读
Top view of a delicious bowl of Vietnamese pho with beef and fresh herbs, showcasing traditional Asian cuisine.
↑ Top view of a delicious bowl of Vietnamese pho with beef and fresh herbs, showcasing traditional Asian cuisine.Photo by RDNE Stock project on Pexels
Tags
#banh giay#deep dive#guide#food#tet#street food#hanoi#glutinous rice#vietnamese snacks
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最后更新 · May 26, 2026 · 独立调研,无任何赞助。

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    在越南,很少有食物能像Banh Giay这样,承载着如此纯粹的传奇色彩。“Banh Giay”——这种柔软、洁白、圆形的米糕——是越南最古老的起源故事之一的核心,但大多数游客往往与之擦肩而过。

    糕点背后的传说

    故事要追溯到雄王时代,第18位王子Lang Lieu被要求献上一份配得上王位的祭品。由于不像兄弟们那样富有,他从梦中得到了启示:制作一个圆形的糕点代表天,一个方形的糕点代表地。方形的变成了“Banh Chung”,即至今在Tet(春节)期间食用的长方形糯米粽;圆形的则变成了Banh Giay。

    这种组合——Banh Chung和Banh Giay,天与地——至今仍保留在仪式中。在Tet期间,你会看到它们在北方的寺庙摊位和家庭祭坛上成对出售。这个故事在小学课本里教授。即使在日常生活中,Banh Giay早已走上了自己的发展道路,但在文化想象中,这两者依然密不可分。

    它是什么以及如何制作

    Banh Giay的核心是糯米,它是经过“捶打”而成的——不是煮成粥,而是蒸熟后反复捶打,传统上是用大木槌在石臼中捶打,直到米粒完全分解成光滑、有弹性的糊状物。成品口感紧实、有嚼劲,并带有淡淡的光泽。其质地介于麻薯和非常结实的意式奶冻之间。除了糯米本身淡淡的甜味外,它几乎没有其他味道。

    捶打过程是决定性的步骤。市面上也有机器制作的版本,一眼就能看出来:它们通常更粘,带有一种橡胶般的弹性,而不是手工捶打的Banh Giay那种软糯的嚼劲。在Hanoi的老村庄——西湖区的Phu Thuong是最常被提及的地方——家庭作坊依然坚持手工捶打,有时你在清晨还能听到捶打的声音。

    原味与馅料

    你主要会遇到两种形式:

    Banh Giay trang(原味): 里面没有馅料。只是纯粹的白色米糕,做成直径约6–8厘米、厚度2–3厘米的圆饼。这是仪式和节日的形式——你会把它放在祭坛上或作为Tet(越南春节)礼物赠送。可以单独食用,也可以搭配腌菜。

    Banh Giay nhan dau xanh(绿豆馅): 日常零食版本。一层甜绿豆沙——有时还会夹上一片猪肉肉饼或“gio lua”——夹在两片米糕之间。这是街头小贩出售的版本。在Hanoi,一个大约需要10,000–15,000 VND。有些版本会用香蕉叶包裹起来以固定,有些则只是将两半压在一起直接递给你。

    还有第三种较少见的形式,常见于中部高原和一些南部市场:Banh Giay chien,即将剩下的米糕切片后煎至外皮酥脆。内部依然保持柔软。这更像是一种咸味小吃,而非仪式食物。

    在越南Bến Tre的Tet庆祝活动中供应的传统越南Banh Chung特写。

    摄影:Nguyen Truong Khang,来自Pexels

    值得了解的区域差异

    北方将Banh Giay视为文化遗产。在Hanoi,它出现在Hung Kings Festival的纪念活动和Tet期间,与Banh Chung并列,同时也全年出现在老城区的早餐摊和面包店里。

    在Hue和中部沿海地区,有一种当地变体叫“Banh it trang”——体积更小,有时呈圆锥形,由类似的捶打糯米制成,但内馅包含虾和猪肉等当地特色。它是它的“表亲”,而不是同一种糕点。

    在Saigon,Banh Giay不太常见,但并非没有。你会在北式熟食柜台找到它,旁边通常还有gio lua和切片的“Banh Chung”。

    如何购买

    在街头摊位或市场柜台,Banh Giay几乎总是预先做好的,并在室温下展示。你指一指,付钱,然后就可以吃了。没有菜单。你需要问的是它是否有馅(“co nhan khong?”)——如果你想要绿豆馅的,说“Banh Giay nhan dau xanh”;如果你想要原味的,说“Banh Giay trang”。

    在大多数情况下,这是一种早餐或上午的零食。不要指望在晚餐时能找到它。

    一位无法辨认的女性摊主正在将带有馅料和奇亚籽的米糕放入塑料袋中

    摄影:Quang Nguyen Vinh,来自Pexels

    在哪里品尝

    Hanoi老城区Hang Bong街摊位: Hang Bong街及周边小巷的几家摊贩在早上出售Banh Giay nhan。寻找用香蕉叶包裹的圆饼,通常堆放在篮子或玻璃柜里。价格:每个约10,000–12,000 VND。

    Hanoi西湖区Phu Thuong村: 距离还剑湖约8公里。这是手工捶打Banh Giay依然享有盛誉的地方。该村生产的产品主要批发给Hanoi的市场,但也有几户人家直接零售。如果你想品尝手工捶打与机器制作的区别,非常值得一去。

    Saigon(西贡)Ben Thanh Market区域: Ben Thanh市场内及周边的北式熟食摊位会销售Banh Giay以及其他腌制猪肉制品。质量参差不齐,但这是你在南部无需深入居民区寻找的最佳选择。

    实用提示

    Banh Giay变质很快——在室温下,其质地一天内就会变硬。如果可以,请在制作的当天早上食用。如果你从市场购买,询问它是否是当天制作的(“lam hom nay khong?”)。避免购买超市里的真空包装版本:它们虽然方便,但质地是为了保质期而设计的,而不是为了口感。