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🇨🇳 Food & Drink · north · hanoi

Banh Khuc:河内黄昏街头自行车上售卖的鼠曲草糯米团

深入了解 banh khuc——这种包裹着绿豆沙和肥猪肉、呈草绿色且口感扎实的糯米团,是河内街头小贩每到傍晚便会穿梭于巷弄间叫卖的特色小吃。

Wayfarer 团队May 26, 20265 分钟阅读
A tempting close-up of traditional Vietnamese bánh cuốn in a takeaway box with fresh greens and sausage.
↑ A tempting close-up of traditional Vietnamese bánh cuốn in a takeaway box with fresh greens and sausage.Photo by FOX ^.ᆽ.^= ∫ on Pexels
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#banh khuc#deep dive#guide#food#street food#hanoi#glutinous rice#mugwort#northern vietnam
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最后更新 · Sep 3, 2026 · 独立调研,无任何赞助。

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    在河内的街头美食中,很少有像“banh khuc”这样低调而独特的食物——这是一种拳头大小的糯米团,因加入鼠曲草而呈现灰绿色,内馅填充着绿豆沙和肥猪肉。每当夕阳西下,小贩们便会推着自行车,伴着悠扬的叫卖声穿梭在居民区的巷弄里。它并不上镜,也不在大多数游客的行程单上,但它却是这座城市里你能以不到 15,000 VND 的价格吃到的最真诚的食物之一。

    什么是 Banh Khuc

    这个名字拆解开来很简单:banh 意为糕或团子,而 khuc 指的是 Gnaphalium affine(鼠曲草)——一种生长在红河三角洲的低矮草本植物,有时也被称为 Jersey cudweed。在 11 月到次年 3 月的凉爽月份里,这种植物在野外随处可见。将这种植物带有银色绒毛的小叶子捣碎或磨碎,揉入糯米粉或蒸熟的糯米中,便赋予了外皮独特的灰绿色,以及一种淡淡的草本清香,甚至带有一丝药香。

    内馅分为两层:中心是细腻、经过调味的熟绿豆沙,外层包裹着一圈肥猪肉——通常是炼过油的五花肉或猪皮,并拌入少量调味料。将所有材料包好,捏成大约大青柠大小的圆球,最后在表面滚上一层糯米粒,然后上锅蒸熟。那一层外裹的糯米粒赋予了 banh khuc 特有的疙瘩状、类似刺猬般的外观。

    制作得当的 banh khuc,每一口都能尝到软糯的口感、绿豆的泥土清甜以及肥猪肉的浓郁油脂香。鼠曲草的外皮则中和了油腻感。

    起源

    Banh khuc 是一道起源于红河三角洲的北方菜肴,这里是越南(베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム)北部的农业中心。美食历史学家通常将其归类为农村节日和祭祀食品:糯米制品几个世纪以来一直是越南北方仪式生活中的核心,而将野生或人工种植的草药融入米糕的习惯,其历史远早于有记录的食谱。这道菜与在 Tet(春节)期间食用的、用柊叶包裹的方形糯米糕“banh chung”有着相同的渊源。

    khuc 草的季节性(冬季最为茂盛)使得 banh khuc 在历史上成为一种冷天食品,通常从 Tet 前后一直吃到初春。如今在河内(하노이 / 河内 / ハノイ),这种季节性有所减弱,小贩们通过使用干燥或腌制的草药全年售卖,但最美味的版本依然出现在春节后 fresh khuc 容易采集的月份里。

    自行车小贩的经营模式由来已久。一位妇女骑着自行车穿过街区,后座上平衡地放着一个盖着布的篮子,里面装满 banh khuc,口中拉长声调喊着“Banh khuuuc...”,这是河内几十年来在城市快速变迁中依然保留下来的经典景象。小贩们通常在傍晚开始出摊,晚上 8 点左右收摊。

    在越南 Bến Tre 庆祝 Tet 时供应的传统越南 Banh Chung 特写。

    图片来源:Nguyen Truong Khang,来自 Pexels

    北方的不同变体

    大多数人提到 banh khuc 时,指的都是河内的标准版本:即上述那种圆形的、裹着糯米粒的团子。但在北方内部,也存在着有意义的差异。

    海阳省的扁饼风格

    在距离河内以南约 60 公里的海阳省部分地区,banh khuc 有时会被做得更扁、更宽,比起圆球更像是一个圆饼,且外皮中草药的比例更高,颜色也更浓郁。内馅相似,但外皮的口感更劲道,草药味也更突出。

    干制与现蒸

    河内的街头小贩通常售卖预先蒸好的 banh khuc,用叶子或纸包裹,放在篮子里保温。一些专门的坐店摊位有时会现蒸,这会产生明显更轻盈、更新鲜的口感——糯米外皮不会被压得太紧。如果可以的话,现蒸的 banh khuc 值得你多等五分钟。

    内馅变体

    一些小贩会在绿豆沙中加入一小块 gio lua(越南猪肉香肠),或者用猪皮(bi)代替普通的五花肉。绿豆沙本身的质地也各不相同——有些比较干且颗粒感强,有些则近乎奶油般细腻。这没有对错之分,全看厨师的喜好。

    如何购买

    如果是从自行车小贩那里购买:拦下他们,告诉他们你要几个(“cho toi [数字] cai”——“给我[数字]个”),付钱,然后接过用香蕉叶或报纸包好的成品。截至 2024 年,河内单个 banh khuc 的价格为 10,000–15,000 VND。买两个是合理的零食量,三个则是一顿简餐。

    在固定摊位:指着篮子,伸出手指表示数量,看着他们根据设置进行加热或现蒸。有些摊位会将 banh khuc 与“banh cuon”或其他糯米制品一起供应。一杯热绿茶是标配,通常是免费的。

    趁热吃。冷掉的 banh khuc 虽然可以吃,但糯米会变硬,失去其风味精髓。

    河内街头一位载满农产品的越南小贩的生动场景。

    图片来源:Hưng Phạm,来自 Pexels

    在哪里品尝经典版本

    河内老城区 Hang Dieu 街摊位。 Hang Dieu 街靠近与 Bat Dan 交汇处的那一段,多年来一直有 banh khuc 小贩在此经营——通常在下午 4 点左右开始。寻找巷口那些盖着布的篮子。

    河内 Cho Dong Xuan 早市。 在 Dong Xuan Market 内部及周边,从清晨开始,就有几家一楼的摊位在售卖 banh khuc 以及其他糯米制品。这是在游客流量增加之前品尝现蒸版本的最佳时机。

    Quan Banh Khuc Co Lan,位于河内 Dinh Liet 街。 这是一家有固定地址的店铺,而不是流动摊贩。Co Lan 的摊位在河内的美食文章中被提及已超过十年。这里的绿豆馅特别细腻,调味极佳。每个售价 15,000 VND,周末早晨通常需要排队。

    实用贴士

    Banh khuc 绝对是河内和越南北部的特色菜——除非你专门寻找北方菜餐厅,否则在西贡(사이공 / 西贡 / サイゴン)或岘港很难找到正宗的版本。如果你在 11 月至 4 月期间访问河内,优先选择新鲜草药制作的版本,而不是淡季的干草药替代品。请准备好小额钞票;小贩很少有零钱找零 200,000 VND 的大钞。