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Chua Dong Yen Tu:越南高山铜寺旅行指南 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Destinations · north · quang-ninh

Chua Dong Yen Tu:越南高山铜寺旅行指南

徒步前往位于 Quang Ninh 省海拔1068米的铜寺 Chua Dong Yen Tu 前,你需要了解的一切信息——从交通、最佳游玩时间到山脚下的美食推荐。

By the Wayfarer teamMay 17, 20267 min read
Tranquil scene of a historic pagoda surrounded by lush greenery in Huế, Vietnam.
↑ Tranquil scene of a historic pagoda surrounded by lush greenery in Huế, Vietnam.Photo by Ricardo Santanna on Pexels
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#chua dong yen tu#quang ninh#north#destinations#yen tu#buddhism#hiking#pilgrimage
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    Chua Dong 是什么以及它的重要性

    Chua Dong(铜寺)坐落于 Quang Ninh 省上方海拔1068米的 Yen Tu 山顶。这里是众多寺庙、佛塔和森林步道组成的庞大建筑群的最高点,曾是13世纪国王 Tran Nhan Tong 退位出家后创立的 Truc Lam 禅宗的总部。目前的铜制建筑于2007年铸造,重约70吨,取代了以前不断被雷电摧毁的旧版本。寺内供奉着一尊朴素的佛像。而在寺外,如果天气晴朗,视野可以一直延伸到 Ha Long Bay。

    Yen Tu 不仅仅是一座寺庙——它是一场朝圣之旅。越南佛教徒攀登这座山已有700多年的历史,这里至今仍是北方最重要的宗教圣地之一。对于旅行者来说,这是一场穿越原始森林的半日徒步之旅,登顶后将获得真正的文化洗礼。

    为什么旅行者会去这里

    大多数前往 Quang Ninh 的外国游客会直奔 Ha Long Bay (하롱베이 / 下龙湾 / ハロン湾) 而忽略其他所有地方。Yen Tu 吸引的是不同的人群:那些渴望攀登的身体挑战、活跃的朝圣地氛围,或者想从游船观光中喘口气的人。步道穿过长满古树的茂密森林、石雕台阶,沿途还有一系列较小的寺庙和隐居处。这种体验让人觉得物有所值——Chua Dong 绝不是坐在旅游大巴车窗前就能轻易看到的风景。

    缆车的出现多少改变了这种情况(下文会有更多介绍),但即使有这条捷径,通往山顶的最后一段路仍需要在岩石上陡峭地攀爬。这最后的30分钟过滤掉了走马观花的游客,使得山顶在非节日期间保持相对宁静。

    最佳游玩时间

    Yen Tu 朝圣节从农历正月初十一直持续到农历三月——大约是1月下旬到4月。在这个时间段,尤其是周末,山上人山人海。成千上万的越南朝圣者前来徒步,缆车排队时间可能超过两个小时。如果你想体验鲜活朝圣的文化奇观,可以在 Tet(春节)期间或节日的头几个星期来。只是要做好应对拥挤人群的准备。

    如果想体验更安静的旅程,请选择10月或11月。天气更凉爽干燥,能见度更好,与你共享步道的将是僧侣和少数徒步旅行者,而不是节日的人潮。避开6月到8月——大雨会让石阶变得湿滑,云层经常完全笼罩山顶,这会让攀登1068米失去意义。

    如何前往

    Yen Tu 的大本营位于 Uong Bi 市,在 Hanoi 以东约 125 km 处。

    从 Hanoi (하노이 / 河内 / ハノイ) 出发: 从 My Dinh 或 Gia Lam 车站有定期开往 Uong Bi 的巴士(约 100,000–130,000 VND,2.5–3 小时)。从 Uong Bi 市中心,可以乘坐当地出租车或 xe om(摩托车出租)前往 Yen Tu 售票处——大约 15 km,乘坐出租车约 80,000–100,000 VND。一些 Hanoi 的旅行社提供一日游,但行程通常很赶。

    从 Ha Long Bay 出发: 如果你已经在 Ha Long 或 Bai Chay,Uong Bi 就在以西约 40 km 处。单程出租车费用约为 350,000–450,000 VND,或者乘坐当地巴士,费用不到 50,000 VND。

    在山上: Yen Tu 景区的门票为 40,000 VND。缆车分为两段——第一段(Giai Doan 1)单程 200,000 VND / 往返 300,000 VND,第二段(Giai Doan 2)单程 100,000 VND / 往返 150,000 VND。你可以随意搭配乘坐缆车和徒步。

    低角度拍摄的传统越南佛教寺庙建筑,屋顶装饰华丽。

    图片由 HONG SON 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    游玩推荐

    徒步走完全程

    从山脚到 Chua Dong 的完整徒步路线需要 3–4 小时,具体取决于你的体力和停留时间。沿途大部分是石阶——维护得很好,但绵延不绝。你会经过 Hoa Yen Pagoda(建筑群中最大的一座,海拔约500米)、存放 Tran Nhan Tong 遗骸的 Hue Quang 塔,以及几个隐藏在森林中的小型冥想隐居处。记得带水——沿途每隔一段距离就有小贩,但价格会随着海拔升高而上涨。

    参观 Hoa Yen Pagoda

    即使你乘坐了第一段缆车,也要在 Hoa Yen 停下来看看。它是整个建筑群的精神中心,比山顶的寺庙更有氛围。缭绕的香烟、诵经声、古石上的青苔——在这里,你能最真切地感受到朝圣传统的鲜活生命力。Tran Nhan Tong 在这里度过了他的晚年。

    攀爬至山顶

    从上层缆车站到 Chua Dong 的最后一段路是在岩石上攀爬,石头上固定有扶手。这段路大约需要 20–30 分钟,作为回报,你将看到铜寺,并且——如果天气允许的话——还能饱览 Dong Trieu 山脉的全景。如果想看到晴朗的天空,请在早上 9 AM 前到达。

    漫步森林环形步道

    在 Hoa Yen 下方,有一个由更安静的步道组成的网络,通向较小的寺庙和溪流。大多数游客完全忽略了这些地方,但这正是它们值得你花时间去探索的原因。这里的原始森林确实令人惊叹——有些树的树龄已超过 500+ years。

    观察朝圣者

    在节日期间,人文景观本身就是一大吸引力。穿着“[ao dai](/posts/ao-dai-vietnam (베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム)-national-garment)”赤脚攀登的越南老妇人。带着供品的家庭。身披藏红花色袈裟的僧侣。这里是北方为数不多的几个能让你看到越南佛教作为一种鲜活的、身体力行的实践,而不是博物馆展品的地方之一。

    附近美食推荐

    山脚下有一排迎合朝圣者的餐厅——规模大、环境嘈杂,供应标准的 com binh dan(日常便饭)。如果想吃点令人难忘的美食,可以找找 Uong Bi 风格的“banh cuon”——这里的蒸米粉卷做得比 Hanoi 版本的稍微厚一点,通常配有猪肉和蘑菇馅。一盘的价格在 30,000–40,000 VND 之间。“Cha gio”(炸春卷)是常见的小菜。

    如果你之后要返回 Ha Long,可以在 Uong Bi 镇停下来吃一碗“bun rieu (분지에우 / 蟹肉米粉汤 / ブンリュウ)”——一种蟹肉番茄汤米粉。市场附近的主干道旁有一些小店做得很好,价格在 35,000–45,000 VND 之间。

    住宿推荐

    大多数旅行者会将 Yen Tu 作为从 Hanoi 或 Ha Long 出发的一日游。如果你想在黎明时分开始徒步(推荐),可以在 Uong Bi 过夜。Yen Tu 大门附近的经济型宾馆每晚价格为 250,000–400,000 VND。Uong Bi 市中心的几家中档酒店价格为 500,000–800,000 VND,配有空调和热水。山脚附近还有 Legacy Yen Tu 度假村——这是一家正规酒店,价格从 1,500,000 VND 起,如果你追求舒适度可以考虑,但并非必须。

    Ha Long 传统建筑风格的越南寺庙入口迷人景色,周围绿意盎然。

    图片由 HONG SON 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    当地人的实用建议

    • 尽早出发。大门早上 6 AM 左右开放。6:30 开始徒步,你就能避开乘坐缆车的人群和下午的云雾。
    • 穿合适的鞋子。石阶会变得很滑,尤其是在较高路段。尽管你会看到当地人穿凉鞋,但这绝对是个糟糕的主意。
    • 带件轻薄的外套。山顶明显比山脚冷——有时会低 8–10°C。
    • 如果你在朝圣节期间来访,请选择工作日。周末拥挤的人群真的会让乘坐缆车和走狭窄步道的体验变得很糟糕。
    • 缆车在下午 5 PM 左右关闭。如果你下山较晚,请规划好时间,否则你将不得不在黑暗中摸黑下山。

    避免常见误区

    • 乘坐往返缆车就草草了事。 你会错过 Yen Tu 80% 的魅力——森林、小寺庙以及攀登时的身体律动。
    • 7月来访并期望在山顶看到清晰的景色。 你在山顶可能除了云什么也看不到。在决定行程前请查看天气预报。
    • 跳过 Hoa Yen Pagoda。 它在历史和氛围上比 Chua Dong 本身更有意义。不要匆匆路过。
    • 试图在一天内游玩 Yen Tu 和 Ha Long Bay。 这在技术上是可行的,但会让人筋疲力尽且体验不佳。请为它们各自安排一天的时间。

    实用须知

    Yen Tu 最适合作为专门的半日或全日游,而不是 Ha Long Bay 行程中的一个打卡点。包括在寺庙停留的时间在内,请为往返预留 4–6 hours。带上现金——只有缆车售票处接受刷卡。