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  3. Lau Mam:西贡最“重口味”的火锅,以及越南其他地区为何“做错了”
🇨🇳 Food & Drink · south · ho-chi-minh-city

Lau Mam:西贡最“重口味”的火锅,以及越南其他地区为何“做错了”

发酵鱼火锅是湄公河三角洲赠予西贡的一份厚礼——气味浓郁、口感复杂且极具争议。来看看西贡的版本有何独特之处。

Wayfarer 团队May 26, 20264 分钟阅读
Savor the authentic taste of Vietnamese pho with fresh herbs, spices, and steaming broth in a cozy setting.
↑ Savor the authentic taste of Vietnamese pho with fresh herbs, spices, and steaming broth in a cozy setting.Photo by Pham Cuong on Pexels
Tags
#lau mam#ho chi minh city#guide#food#hotpot#mekong#fermented fish#street food
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最后更新 · May 26, 2026 · 独立调研,无任何赞助。

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    Hue Street Food: The Imperial City's Everyday Eats

    在西贡用餐久了,你总会遇到一道让餐桌两边的人泾渭分明的菜肴。通常就是“Lau mam”(发酵鱼火锅),这道火锅以发酵鱼酱为底,那股浓烈的味道在锅还没端上炉子前就能让你鼻窦通畅。

    什么是 Lau Mam?

    Lau mam 的核心在于那锅沸腾的汤底,它用“mam ca loc”(发酵黑鱼酱)或“mam ca sat”(一种更细腻、更咸的品种)调制而成,加入椰子水或清汤稀释,并以香茅、南姜和干辣椒提味。鱼酱本身闻起来就像一个在烈日下暴晒的渔村——而这正是它的精髓所在。当汤底煮开后,那种原始的冲击力会变得柔和,转而呈现出丰富的层次感:咸鲜、奇香,带着椰子水的微甜,以及一种后劲十足、层层递进的辣味。

    Lau mam 的配菜规模足以让它以“丰盛”闻名。一份合格的火锅会配上一大盘几乎摆不下的蔬菜——空心菜、水菠菜、芭蕉花、茄子片、秋葵、豆芽,以及厨房当天能采购到的任何水生植物。接着是蛋白质:生鱼片(通常是“ca bong lau”、条纹鲶鱼或黑鱼)、虾、鱿鱼和猪肉片。你将所有食材放入锅中涮煮,用米纸包裹或配着米粉食用,接下来的一个小时里,你可能会重新审视自己的人生选择——当然,是以最美妙的方式。

    湄公河原版 vs. 西贡版本

    Lau mam 并非源自西贡。它来自湄公河三角洲——特别是安江省、同塔省和芹苴,在那里,用盐和米糠发酵鱼类作为保存方法已有数百年的历史。在这些省份,这道菜更加粗犷。鱼酱的浓度更高,蔬菜选择更偏向于河岸采集的野菜,汤底通常也更浑浊,不那么讲究。它从不掩饰自己的本色。

    西贡的版本则是“移民改良版”。几十年来,从湄公河地区迁入城市的家庭带来了这道菜,在漫长的演变中,为了适应更广泛的口味,它变得温和了一些。椰子水加得更多了,虾和鱿鱼与淡水鱼一同出现,蔬菜拼盘变得极具仪式感。这并非稀释,而是适应。西贡最棒的餐馆依然能把那种发酵鱼的精髓发挥得淋漓尽致,足以引发食客间的两极分化。

    作为对比,“bun bo Hue”也有其独特的深度发酵虾酱(“mam ruoc”)成分,但它只作为背景调味,而非结构性基底。而 Lau mam 则没有任何掩饰的余地。

    探索西贡夜晚充满活力的街头美食文化,到处都是生机勃勃的气息和风味。

    图片来源:Sophie Roome,来自 Pexels

    在西贡去哪吃?

    Lau Mam Bong Sung — 平盛区 (Binh Thanh District)

    如果你问那些真正在家吃 Lau Mam 而不是只去游客店的西贡人,他们大多会推荐这里。它位于平盛区的 Nguyen Xien 街,是一家多年来一直保持着极简菜单的平民小店。这里的汤底味道偏重——如果你问起,他们会告诉你用的是来自安江省的 mam ca loc。一份双人份火锅配标准蛋白质价格在 280,000 至 320,000 VND 左右。营业时间大致为上午 11 点至晚上 9 点,不过傍晚时分蔬菜拼盘可能会变少。

    Quan Lau Mam Co Suong — 第四区 (District 4)

    第四区长期以来一直是西贡的工人阶级美食区,Co Suong 完全符合这里的风格:塑料凳、日光灯,以及几分钟内就能端上桌的火锅。店里的招牌是“mam nhieu ca”选项——一锅里轮换使用三到四种鱼类,而不是单一蛋白质。两人份吃得尽兴大约需要 350,000 VND。仅在傍晚营业,从下午 4 点到晚上 10 点,周一休息。

    蔬菜的讲究

    这是西贡 Lau Mam 真正超越其三角洲起源的地方。蔬菜拼盘的种类和数量之多——有时多达 12 到 15 种——是西贡人的独创。空心菜和豆芽是标配,但好的店铺会加入 keo neo(一种酸味河生叶)、bap chuoi(切丝芭蕉花)和 cu hu dua(嫩椰子芯),每一种都会赋予汤底不同的风味。这些绿叶菜不是点缀,它们是这顿饭的一半。

    一份传统的越南火锅食材展示,呈现出新鲜的肉类和蔬菜。

    图片来源:Đậu Photograph,来自 Pexels

    它不适合谁?

    说实话,任何觉得鱼露味道太重的人在这里都会感到吃力。发酵鱼酱的浓烈程度要高出一个量级。初次尝试的人有时会抱着普通火锅的预期点餐,然后花前十分钟来适应。这种适应是值得的——但请在入座前做好心理准备。

    实用贴士

    西贡大多数 Lau Mam 店铺不接受刷卡,请准备现金。两人份的完整餐点——火锅、全套蔬菜拼盘、蛋白质、米纸和米粉——价格在 280,000 到 400,000 VND 之间,具体取决于所在区域。工作日晚上是最佳用餐时间;周末人潮拥挤,有时到晚上 8 点鱼酱汤底就会售罄。