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Thanh Nha Ho:越南被遗忘的古城旅行指南 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Destinations · central · thanh-hoa

Thanh Nha Ho:越南被遗忘的古城旅行指南

Thanh Nha Ho 是 Thanh Hoa 一座拥有600年历史的石头古城,却被大多数游客完全忽略。以下是它值得你绕道前往的原因以及游览指南。

By the Wayfarer teamMay 23, 20266 min read
Tourists crossing the bridge at the Imperial Citadel in Hue, Vietnam, on a sunny day.
↑ Tourists crossing the bridge at the Imperial Citadel in Hue, Vietnam, on a sunny day.Photo by Quang Nguyen Vinh on Pexels
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#thanh nha ho#thanh hoa#central#destinations#unesco#history#citadel
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Last updated · May 23, 2026 · independently researched, never sponsored.

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    Thanh Nha Ho 是越南(베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム)为数不多、没有成群结队旅游大巴造访的联合国教科文组织世界遗产之一。这座建于14世纪的石头古城坐落在 Thanh Hoa 省的乡村,位于 Hanoi 以南约 150 km 处。对于那些喜欢在宁静从容中品味历史的旅行者来说,这里绝对是不虚此行的宝藏之地。

    景点简介

    Thanh Nha Ho——即胡朝皇城——建于1397年,由推翻了 Tran 朝廷的权臣 Ho Quy Ly 下令修建。他短暂地建立了胡朝,直到1407年中国 Ming 朝军队入侵。据记载,整个建筑工程仅耗时三个月,当你亲眼目睹这些石墙的宏大规模时,简直难以置信。

    这座古城呈粗略的矩形,长约870米,宽约880米,由巨大的石灰岩块砌成——有些石块重达20多吨——且石块之间没有使用任何砂浆。它于2011年被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录,被公认为东南亚皇城规划的杰出范例。如今留存下来的只有城墙,城内的木制宫殿早已荡然无存。

    游客为何前往

    坦白说,大多数游客并不会来这里——而这正是它的魅力所在。你不需要像在 My Son 或 Hue 皇城那样在人群中拥挤。你将体验到的是越南乡村中真正充满氛围感的遗迹:厚重的石墙从稻田中拔地而起,水牛在附近悠闲吃草,当地的孩子们骑着自行车穿过那条曾经是南门的道路。

    这也是一个满足好奇心远胜于视觉奇观的地方。这里没有灯光秀,也没有语音导览。你只需漫步在城墙上,阅读简朴的指示牌,试着想象一个仅仅存在了七年的王朝,竟留下了如此坚固的建筑。

    最佳游览时间

    9月至11月是最理想的季节——雨水已经减少,古城周围的稻田正值翠绿或渐渐泛黄,气温保持在 25-30°C 左右。2月至4月也是不错的选择,尽管有时可能会遇到阴天和毛毛雨。

    尽量避开6月至8月。Thanh Hoa 会变得非常炎热——气温可达 35°C 甚至更高——而且遗址几乎没有遮阴处。12月和1月虽然凉爽,但天空灰暗,会让风景显得有些单调。

    如何前往

    从 Hanoi(하노이 / 河内 / ハノイ)出发,你有以下几种选择:

    • 火车:统一快车(Reunification Express)在 Thanh Hoa 站停靠。车程约 3-3.5 小时,根据座位等级不同,票价在 120,000-250,000 VND 之间。从 Thanh Hoa 市区出发,古城位于西北方向的 Vinh Loc 县,距离约 45 km。
    • 巴士:从 Hanoi 的 Giap Bat 车站开往 Thanh Hoa 的巴士班次频繁,车程约 3 小时,票价在 100,000-150,000 VND 左右。
    • 摩托车:如果你从 Hanoi 向南骑行,或者从 Hue(후에 / 顺化 / フエ)向北骑行,这座古城是沿途一个很自然的落脚点。从 Thanh Hoa 市区出发,沿着 QL45 公路向西前往 Vinh Loc——路况不错,骑行大约需要 1 小时。

    从 Thanh Hoa 市区到古城,你需要乘坐 xe om(摩托车出租)、Grab 打车(单程约 250,000-350,000 VND),或者自己开车/骑车。没有直达遗址的公共巴士。如果你打算包车或租摩托车一日游,包含等待时间的往返预算大约在 500,000-700,000 VND。

    越南河畔郁郁葱葱的稻田鸟瞰图,展现了生机勃勃的绿意和乡村生活。

    图片由 Hữu Thịnh 79 摄,来自 Pexels

    游玩亮点

    漫步四大城门

    这座古城拥有四个朝向正东、正西、正南、正北的城门。南门(Cua Nam)最为壮观——两座巨大的石拱门两侧是近 6 米高的城墙。北门则是保存最完好的。以轻松的步伐走遍这四个城门大约需要 1 小时,能让你充分感受到这座遗址的宏大规模。

    穿行古城内部

    如今,古城内部大部分是开阔的农田。一条村路从中间穿过,当地人就在古老的城墙内生活和耕作。这是一种不同寻常的体验——漫步在一个既是世界遗产又是别人家后院的地方。宏伟的石造建筑与日常乡村生活之间的强烈对比,正是让这个地方令人难以忘怀的原因。

    参观小型博物馆

    南门附近有一个简朴的展览馆,展示了从遗址中挖掘出的文物——陶瓷、砖块、铁器,以及展示原始布局的图解。这里并不华丽,但它填补了废墟本身无法诉说的历史空白。免费入场,通常开放至下午 5 点。

    探索周边乡村

    租一辆自行车或摩托车,在 Vinh Loc 周围的小路上骑行。这里的地势平坦,满眼绿意,宁静安详——远处是石灰岩喀斯特地貌,路旁是鱼塘。当你远离海岸时,这正是越南中部最迷人的骑行体验。

    Dan Ne 村

    Dan Ne 村距离古城约 5 km,以传统的草席编织而闻名。如果你在白天路过,可以看到手工艺人们在劳作。这里不是旅游景点——只是一个普通的劳作村落——所以请保持尊重。

    附近美食推荐

    Thanh Hoa 省以“nem chua”闻名——这是一种用香蕉叶包裹、加入大蒜和辣椒的发酵猪肉。在 Thanh Hoa 市区和 QL45 公路沿线的路边摊随处可见。它味道酸爽独特,与冰镇啤酒是绝佳搭配。

    如果想吃顿正餐,可以在 Vinh Loc 镇上找找“banh cuon”——这是一种薄薄的清蒸米粉卷,里面包着猪肉碎和蘑菇,配以香草和蘸酱食用。古城附近的主干道上也有一些小型的 com binh dan(平民饭馆),一顿午餐大概只需 30,000-50,000 VND。

    住宿指南

    古城本身没有住宿设施。你的选择有:

    • Thanh Hoa 市区:最实用的落脚点。经济型酒店和宾馆每晚约 200,000-400,000 VND。像 Muong Thanh 或类似连锁品牌的中档酒店价格在 500,000-900,000 VND 之间。这座城市虽然算不上迷人,但生活设施一应俱全。
    • Vinh Loc 的民宿:近年来出现了几家基础的民宿,主要接待越南本地游客。房间比较简单,价格在 150,000-300,000 VND 左右。可以在博物馆或当地商店询问当天的空房情况——网上的房源信息不太可靠。

    探索 Hue 午门的历史之美,这是越南丰富文化遗产的见证。

    图片由 Thi Đoàn 摄,来自 Pexels

    当地人的实用建议

    • 记得带上水和防晒用品。南门附近只有一个卖饮料的小摊,仅此而已。
    • 遗址免费开放,不过偶尔会收取少量的停车费(摩托车 10,000-20,000 VND)。
    • 清晨是拍照的最佳时机——打在石墙上的光线十分柔和,而且你可以独享这片宁静。
    • 如果你将此地纳入长途旅行中,Thanh Hoa 是 Hanoi 和 Ninh Binh(닌빈 / 宁平 / ニンビン)之间,或者 Ninh Binh 和 Hue 之间一个很合理的落脚点。它能帮你缓解长途旅行的疲劳。

    避免常见的误区

    • 期待一个完全修复的遗址。 这里不是 Hue 的皇城。城墙是主要的看点,而内部则是农田。带着正确的期望前来,你会享受得多。
    • 没有安排返程交通。 在 Thanh Hoa 市区之外,Grab 的叫车服务很不稳定。如果你乘坐 xe om,请在司机离开前与他商定好返程的接送时间和价格。
    • 走马观花。 有些人开车过来,拍张南门的照片,20分钟后就离开了。请至少留出 90 分钟的时间,绕着外围走走,好好感受这里的氛围。

    实用须知

    Thanh Nha Ho 是那种不会以宏伟气势让你惊艳,却能以其独特的氛围和原汁原味打动你的地方。如果你在 Hanoi 和越南中部之间旅行,并需要一个在 Thanh Hoa 停留的理由,那就是它了。在镇上吃一碗“banh canh”,再配上一杯冰镇的 bia hoi(비아호이 / 鲜啤 / ビアホイ),这将是美好的一天。