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Bao Tang Hung Vuong (Phu Tho):越南建国神话博物馆游客指南 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Destinations · north · phu-tho

Bao Tang Hung Vuong (Phu Tho):越南建国神话博物馆游客指南

在前往 Phu Tho 的 Hung Vuong 博物馆之前你需要了解的一切——馆内有什么,如何从 Hanoi 前往,以及附近有什么好吃的。

By the Wayfarer teamMay 23, 20266 min read
Historic temple entrance in Vietnam featuring cultural statues and vibrant architecture.
↑ Historic temple entrance in Vietnam featuring cultural statues and vibrant architecture.Photo by Valeria Drozdova on Pexels
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#bao tang hung vuong#phu tho#north#destinations#hung kings#museum#vietnamese history#day trip from hanoi
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    Phu Tho 省位于 Hanoi 西北约 80 km 处,大多数游客在前往 Sapa 或 Ha Giang 的途中都会直接忽略它。但如果你对越南(베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム)如何讲述自己的起源故事哪怕有一丝兴趣,错过这里都将是一个遗憾。Bao Tang Hung Vuong(Hung Vuong 博物馆)是收藏与 Hung Kings(雄王)相关的文物和历史故事的主要场所,这个半神话性质的王朝被越南文化视为国家的缔造者。

    它的背景与重要性

    该博物馆位于 Viet Tri 市 Nghia Linh 山脚下,地处规模宏大的 Den Hung(雄王庙)历史建筑群内。它始建于 1987 年,随后在 2010 年为迎接 [Thang Long](/posts/imperial-citadel-thang-long-hanoi (하노이 / 河内 / ハノイ)-history) - Hanoi 建城千年庆典而进行了扩建和翻新。目前的建筑为两层结构,在几个展厅中陈列着约 700 件文物。

    按照国际博物馆的标准,馆内的展品算不上华丽。这里混合展示了青铜时代的工具、Dong Son 时代的铜鼓、陶瓷碎片,以及描绘 Lac Viet 人(据说是由 Hung Kings 统治的祖先)生活场景的微缩模型。真正的吸引力在于其历史语境。这里为“banh chung”和“banh day”(春节庆祝活动中不可或缺的方形和圆形米糕)的神话提供了考古学上的框架。如果你在春节期间吃过“banh chung”,并好奇这一传统的历史渊源,这座博物馆能为你解开谜团。

    游客为何前往

    大多数越南游客会在 Hung Kings Festival(雄王节)期间来到这里,这是一个在农历三月初十(通常在 3 月或 4 月)举行的国家法定假日。对于外国游客来说,前往的理由则有所不同。这座博物馆为你提供了一门速成课,带你了解受中国影响之前的越南民族认同——Lac Viet 青铜文化、水稻文明,以及至今仍影响着日常生活的神话传说。在非节假日,这里也是一个宁静、不拥挤的去处,周围环绕着古树和寺庙建筑,非常适合漫步探索。

    如果你正从 Hanoi 向北前往高地,Phu Tho 是一个非常合理的半日游中转站,能为你接下来的旅程增添更多文化底蕴。

    最佳游览时间

    Hung Kings Festival(通常在 3 月下旬至 4 月中旬)是最具氛围的时期——香火缭绕、游行队伍,以及在寺庙广场上举行的传统“hat xoan”演唱表演。但此时也人满为患。你需要做好与数以万计的国内游客摩肩接踵以及停车位紧张的心理准备。

    如果想享受更宁静的游览体验,建议选择 10 月至 12 月。此时天气凉爽,草木葱茏,在工作日的早晨,你甚至可能独自包揽整个展厅。尽量避开 7 月和 8 月——Phu Tho 会有暴雨,寺庙建筑群周围的山路也会变得湿滑。

    探索越南 Thien Hung 寺标志性的入口,展现其传统建筑风格。

    照片由 Quang Nguyen Vinh 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    如何从 Hanoi 前往

    Viet Tri 市是该省的首府和门户。从 Hanoi 的 My Dinh 汽车站出发,前往 Viet Tri 的巴士大约每 15-20 分钟一班,运营时间约为早上 5:30 到晚上 7:00。车程约需 1.5-2 小时(视交通情况而定),票价为 70,000-90,000 VND。购票时请说明去“Ben xe Viet Tri”。

    从 Viet Tri 汽车站出发,向西北方向再走 7 km 即可到达 Den Hung 建筑群。乘坐出租车(这里可以使用 Grab)大约需要 50,000-70,000 VND。一些当地公交车也跑这条线,但班次不固定。

    如果你从 Hanoi 骑摩托车前往,请走 Noi Bai-Lao Cai 高速公路(QL2)并在 Viet Tri 出口下。全程约 80 km,不到两小时即可轻松抵达。建筑群的摩托车停车费为 10,000 VND。

    从其他枢纽城市自驾

    从 Ninh Binh(닌빈 / 宁平 / ニンビン)出发,距离约 150 km(开车需 3-3.5 小时)。从 Mai Chau 出发,大约 130 km,需要穿过蜿蜒的省级公路——风景优美但车速较慢。

    游玩指南:5 件必做之事

    1. 首先参观青铜时代展厅

    从一楼的 Dong Son 铜鼓系列开始参观。博物馆收藏了几件真品,而非复制品。仔细观察上面描绘船只、舞者和鸟类的装饰性饰带——这些是东南亚历史上最古老的视觉叙事之一。

    2. 以全新的视角解读起源神话微缩模型

    二楼展示了 Lac Long Quan 和 Au Co 的传说——据说这位龙君和仙女共同孕育了 100 个儿子,并将他们分置于高山与大海之间。这些微缩模型制作得很用心,虽然有些年代感,但它们是每个越南孩子从小听到大的故事的视觉呈现。不妨在这里多停留几分钟。

    3. 走遍整个寺庙建筑群

    博物馆只是 Den Hung 遗址的一部分。参观完博物馆后,可以沿着石阶爬上 Nghia Linh 山,依次游览 Den Ha(下庙)、Den Trung(中庙)和 Den Thuong(上庙)。以舒适的步调走完整个环线大约需要 60-90 分钟。请穿上防滑的鞋子——石阶有时会很滑。

    4. 寻找古井

    在 Den Gieng(井庙)后面,有一口天然泉水井,几个世纪以来一直是朝圣之地。如果你只跟着主要游客流走,很容易错过它。请留意过了 Den Ha 之后向左分岔的小路。

    5. 观看 Hat Xoan 表演(季节性)

    在节日期间和部分周末,寺庙广场上会表演“hat xoan”——这是一种源自 Phu Tho、被联合国教科文组织认可的传统仪式演唱。抵达时可向售票处咨询演出时间。如果碰巧有演出,这将是你在越南北部能看到的最纯正的民间表演之一。

    附近美食推荐

    Phu Tho 算不上美食胜地,但有两道当地菜肴值得一试。“Thit chua”(酸发酵猪肉)是该省的特色菜——切成薄片,搭配新鲜无花果叶和杨桃一起食用,味道酸爽独特。在 Viet Tri 和 Den Hung 之间的道路沿线,有几家小餐馆供应这道菜。一盘的价格大约在 50,000-80,000 VND 之间。

    另一道是“com nam”——将糯米压成紧实的圆柱形,配以芝麻盐和烤猪肉食用。寺庙入口附近的街边摊贩有售,价格为 15,000-20,000 VND。它简单美味,是登山前补充体力的绝佳选择。

    回到 Viet Tri 市区,你会在 Hung Vuong 街沿线找到标准的“pho”和“bun cha (분짜 / 烤肉米粉 / ブンチャー)”店——虽然不惊艳,但绝对靠谱。

    Duong Son 传统鼓作坊的正面视图,展示了木桶和色彩鲜艳的招牌。

    照片由 HONG SON 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    住宿推荐

    大多数游客会选择从 Hanoi 出发的一日游。如果你想留宿,Viet Tri 有几家价格在 300,000-600,000 VND 之间的酒店——设施实用、干净整洁,但没什么特别之处。市中心附近的 Saigon (사이공 / 西贡 / サイゴン) Phu Tho 酒店是最常被推荐的。对于预算有限的游客,汽车站附近的 nha nghi(宾馆)价格在 150,000-250,000 VND 左右。

    除非你是专程为了赶上 Hung Kings Festival 并想观看为期数天的完整活动,否则没有太多理由在这里住上好几晚。

    当地人的实用建议

    • 带上香。 如果你在参观完博物馆后去游览寺庙,买一小捆香(入口处售 10,000 VND)是应有的礼节,即使对于非宗教信仰的游客也是如此。
    • 门票: 包含博物馆在内的整个 Den Hung 建筑群成人门票为 40,000 VND。6 岁以下儿童免费。
    • 穿着得体: 在寺庙内请保持穿着端庄——遮住肩膀和膝盖。博物馆本身的着装要求则比较宽松。
    • 尽早出发。 大门在早上 7:00 开放。到了周末上午 10:00,旅游大巴就会陆续抵达。

    避免常见误区

    不要只参观博物馆而跳过寺庙——两者的结合体验才是这趟旅程的价值所在。除非你真的想体验人山人海,否则不要在 Hung Kings Festival 正日子(农历三月初十)来访;节日前后的几天同样很有氛围,但游客却少得多。此外,不要以为这里用不了 Grab——它是可以用的,而且比在汽车站和 xe om 司机讨价还价更便宜、更靠谱。