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Dong Hua Ma Cave:Thai Nguyen 地下世界旅行指南 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Destinations · north · thai-nguyen

Dong Hua Ma Cave:Thai Nguyen 地下世界旅行指南

Dong Hua Ma 是 Ba Be Lake 附近一个巨大的石灰岩洞穴系统,现在属于 Thai Nguyen 省的一部分。本文将介绍这里的看点、交通方式以及大多数游客容易犯的错误。

By the Wayfarer teamMay 19, 20267 min read
A stunning view of stalactites and cave formations lit with natural lighting.
↑ A stunning view of stalactites and cave formations lit with natural lighting.Photo by Najman Husaini on Pexels
Tags
#dong hua ma#thai nguyen#north#destinations#caves#ba be lake#tay culture#northeast vietnam
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    Dong Hua Ma 是越南(베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム)北部最大的洞穴之一,这是一个庞大的石灰岩洞穴系统,隐藏在 Ba Be Lake 附近的喀斯特山脉中。随着行政区划的合并,前 Bac Kan 省被并入 Thai Nguyen,该洞穴现在位于 Thai Nguyen 扩大的边界内——但风景并没有改变。这里依然是东北部那个偏远、森林茂密的角落,也是大多数游客完全错过的地方。

    洞穴概况

    Dong Hua Ma(有时写作 Hua Ma Cave)是一个天然石灰岩洞穴,位于 Phuc Loc 公社区域,距离 Ba Be Lake 约 8 km。主洞穴深约 700 米,通向大教堂般宽敞的洞室,里面布满了数百万年形成的钟乳石和石笋。部分区域的洞顶高达 50-60 米。

    当地的 Tay 族社区世世代代都知道这个洞穴。在 Tay 语中,这个名字大致翻译为“虎头”,这与曾经在周围森林中漫游的老虎的古老传说有关。该洞穴直到 2010 年代初才向游客开放,其游客量仍然只有 Ha Long Bay 或 Phong Nha 等地的几分之一。

    推荐理由

    主要有三个原因。首先是规模——Dong Hua Ma 的主洞室确实非常巨大,而且由于游客数量少,你可以站在里面而不觉得拥挤。其次是环境。驶入洞穴的路途会穿过石灰岩悬崖边缘的稻田山谷、Tay 族的高脚屋村庄和森林。这里完全没有商业化旅游走廊的感觉。第三,它与越南为数不多的大型天然淡水湖之一的 Ba Be Lake 自然相连,很容易将两者结合在一次旅行中。

    如果你已经去过 Phong Nha(퐁냐 / 峰牙 / フォンニャ)更受欢迎的洞穴路线,并且想要寻找更安静、更原生态的地方,Dong Hua Ma 会非常适合你。

    最佳游玩时间

    9 月到 11 月是最佳时期。夏季的降雨已经减弱,通往洞穴道路周围的梯田根据收获时间呈现出绿色或金黄色,气温在 20 多摄氏度出头——非常适合步行进入洞穴。

    12 月到 2 月这里会变冷,有时会降至 8-10°C,洞穴内部感觉潮湿阴冷。3 月到 5 月气候宜人但较干燥,因此周围的景观不那么引人注目。6 月到 8 月会带来暴雨;进山道路会变得泥泞湿滑,森林里也会出现水蛭。

    交通指南

    对于大多数游客来说,最实用的出发点是位于其以南约 270 km 处的 Hanoi。

    乘坐巴士: 从 Hanoi(하노이 / 河内 / ハノイ)的 My Dinh 汽车站乘坐开往 Bac Kan 镇(前省会,现为 Thai Nguyen 内的一个区中心)的巴士。车程约 5-6 小时,票价为 150,000-200,000 VND。从 Bac Kan 镇出发,你需要安排一辆“xe om”(摩托车出租车)或包车前往 Ba Be Lake 地区,这段蜿蜒的山路还有 60 km,大约需要 1.5 小时。单程摩托车费用约为 250,000-400,000 VND,包车费用约为 600,000-800,000 VND。

    骑摩托车: 如果你骑车,从 Hanoi 经 3 号公路(QL3)穿过 Thai Nguyen 市,然后前往 Bac Kan 的路线,算上休息时间大约需要 6-7 小时。前往洞穴区域的最后 30 km 是狭窄的山路——半自动摩托车可以应付,但手动挡摩托车会更舒适。

    从 Ba Be Lake 出发: 如果你已经在 Ba Be,Dong Hua Ma 距离那里大约 8 km。湖附近的大多数民宿都可以安排船加摩托车的组合,或者直接骑摩托车到洞穴入口,费用为 100,000-150,000 VND。

    越南 Lang Son 宁静湖泊被群山环绕的壮丽日落景色。

    照片由 Sergey Guk 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    游玩项目

    漫步主洞室

    穿过 Dong Hua Ma 的主干道大约需要 45 分钟到 1 小时。洞穴内安装了基本照明设施——彩色 LED 灯,虽然有些刺眼但很实用。当地导游会在入口处迎接你并带你游览。门票为每人 40,000 VND;包含导游服务。无论如何,请带上头灯或手机手电筒,因为一些侧通道没有照明,但非常值得一探究竟。

    探索周围的森林小径

    从洞穴停车场出发的一条小径环绕原始森林约 2 km。这里没有路标,所以请向你的导游或民宿主人询问正确的方向。清晨非常适合观鸟——该地区有犀鸟和几种翠鸟。

    结合 Ba Be Lake 游玩

    大多数游客会将 Dong Hua Ma 与 Ba Be Lake 的乘船游览结合起来。标准的湖泊游览(乘坐木制长尾船 3-4 小时)每艘船的费用约为 300,000-500,000 VND,涵盖 Puong Cave、Dau Dang Waterfall 和湖心岛。你可以选择早上游览洞穴,下午游览湖泊,或者分两天进行。

    参观 Tay 族村落

    在 Ba Be Lake 和 Dong Hua Ma 之间的公路沿线有几个 Tay 族的高脚屋村庄。Pac Ngoi 村是最容易到达的一个。你可以漫步其中,观看大米加工的过程,而且——如果你住在民宿——还可以参加提供米酒的公共晚餐。

    在湖岸边看日出

    如果你在 Ba Be 附近过夜,黎明时分湖面上的晨雾绝对值得你早起观赏。在秋季的大多数早晨,雾气会在早上 7:30 左右散去。

    附近美食

    餐厅的选择很有限。大多数用餐都在民宿进行,那里供应家庭风味的当地美食。

    找找看“com lam”——在炭火上用竹筒烤制的糯米饭。这是 Tay 族的主食,味道与你在 Hanoi 吃到的任何东西都不同。另一道值得尝试的菜是烤溪鱼,通常是用“mac khen”(一种当地野山椒)调味并用香蕉叶包裹的小淡水鱼。这两者都是民宿晚餐的标准菜品,一顿包含米饭、蔬菜和几道肉菜的丰盛大餐每人大约需要 80,000-120,000 VND。

    如果你想在早餐时吃 pho 或标准的 Vietnamese coffee,Bac Kan 附近的小集镇有基本的“quan com”(米饭店)和咖啡摊。

    住宿推荐

    Ba Be Lake 附近的民宿是主要选择。Pac Ngoi 村的民宿最为集中。

    • 经济型民宿: 每晚 150,000-250,000 VND。在高脚屋的地席上合宿,提供蚊帐,共用浴室。设施简陋但很有氛围。
    • 中档民宿: 每晚 400,000-600,000 VND。提供私人房间、热水,有时还有俯瞰湖泊的阳台。Mr. Linh's Homestay 和 Ba Be Lake Homestay 都很靠谱。
    • Ba Be National Park 宾馆: 约 500,000-700,000 VND。更像酒店,特色较少,但如果你受不了潮湿的天气,这里有空调。

    Dong Hua Ma 洞穴本身没有任何住宿设施——请计划将 Ba Be Lake 作为你的大本营。

    在葱郁的绿植和充满活力的春花中,一座红顶传统越南高脚屋的迷人景色。

    照片由 Quang Nguyen Vinh 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    当地人的实用建议

    • 穿防滑的鞋子。洞穴地面潮湿且不平整,从停车场出发的小路有些地方很陡。穿人字拖是个糟糕的主意。
    • 带上水和零食。洞穴入口处有一家小商店,但库存不太稳定。
    • 到处都只收现金。最近的 ATM 机在 Bac Kan 镇。如果你在 Ba Be 住宿,请带足供 2-3 天使用的 VND。
    • 手机信号时断时续。Viettel 在该地区信号最好;Mobifone 和 Vinaphone 经常断线。
    • 如果你骑摩托车,请在 Bac Kan 镇加满油。之后的加油站会变得非常稀少。

    避免常见错误

    试图从 Hanoi 当天往返。 单程 5-6 小时的车程会让一日游变得令人筋疲力尽且毫无意义。请至少安排住一晚,最好是两晚。

    不请导游。 洞穴很大,容易迷失方向,导游会为你指出那些你可能会直接走过的岩层和侧通道。导游服务已包含在门票中——好好利用吧。

    只参观洞穴。 仅游览 Dong Hua Ma 只需要 45 分钟。真正的价值在于整个 Ba Be 地区:湖泊、村庄和森林。请计划组合游览,而不仅仅是看洞穴。

    实用信息

    Dong Hua Ma 每天开放,通常时间为早上 7:30 到下午 5:00。40,000 VND 的门票已经好几年没变了,但可能会有所调整。对于那些想要山林和宁静,而不是海滩和人群的游客来说,这个洞穴是任何从 Ninh Binh(닌빈 / 宁平 / ニンビン)到东北部环线游的绝佳补充,或者作为从 Hanoi 出发的独立支线旅行。