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Ho Thang Hen, Cao Bang:越南季节性湖泊旅行指南 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Destinations · north · cao-bang

Ho Thang Hen, Cao Bang:越南季节性湖泊旅行指南

Cao Bang 的 Ho Thang Hen 是一个随季节出现和消失的喀斯特湖泊。在踏上旅程之前,你需要了解以下信息。

By the Wayfarer teamMay 19, 20266 min read
Stunning view of lush green mountains in Tra Linh, Cao Bang, Vietnam, under a vibrant sky.
↑ Stunning view of lush green mountains in Tra Linh, Cao Bang, Vietnam, under a vibrant sky.Photo by Manh Pham on Pexels
Tags
#ho thang hen#cao bang#north#destinations#karst lake#unesco geopark#off the beaten path
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    Ho Thang Hen 究竟是什么

    Ho Thang Hen 位于 Cao Bang (베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム) 市西南约 20 km 处,坐落在一个被石灰岩峰林环绕的喀斯特塌陷盆地中。它并不是一个单一的湖泊,而是由36个相连的水潭组成,其蓄水和排水取决于降雨量和地下河系统。在雨季(大约6月至10月),地下水道的水位上升,淹没盆地,形成一个宽阔的大湖。而在旱季,它又会缩减成一个个独立的水潭,露出其间多岩石的底部。

    当地人世世代代都知道 Thang Hen。生活在盆地周围的 Tay 族社区流传着关于一条龙雕刻出这个湖泊系统的故事,这就是为什么你有时会听到它被称为“龙眼”。该地区于2018年被正式认定为联合国教科文组织 Non Nuoc Cao Bang 世界地质公园的一部分,这让它进入了更多旅行者的视野——但这里的游客数量仍然只有 Ha Long Bay 或 Ninh Binh (닌빈 / 宁平 / ニンビン) 的一小部分。

    为什么旅行者会去那里

    这里的吸引力在于地质奇观,而不是度假村式的休闲。这里的喀斯特地貌比你在更南边看到的更加陡峭和垂直。根据季节和矿物质含量的不同,湖水会在深绿色和淡绿松石色之间变幻。周围的石灰岩中穿插着洞穴,山间小径可以俯瞰整个盆地,而且无论哪一天,这里的其他游客都非常少。

    如果你已经走过 Ha Giang 环线,并想继续探索极北地区而不重复相同的地形,Cao Bang 省——特别是 Thang Hen——会提供一种不同的质感。这里的景观在某些方面更加柔和、更加封闭,而且这里的少数民族文化(主要是 Tay 族和 Nung 族)也独具特色。

    最佳游览时间

    从 9月到11月 是湖泊最上镜的时候,此时季风降雨带来了高水位,而天空也开始放晴。9月和10月的湖水最丰盈。到了11月,水位开始下降,但天气更加凉爽干燥——非常适合徒步。

    如果你想看看盆地骨感的一面:裸露的岩石、独立的水潭,以及完全不同的氛围,那么 4月和5月 会很有趣。天气会更热(有时达到 30-35°C),但干涸的湖床有一种奇特的、类似月球表面的质感。

    如果你不喜欢寒冷的浓雾,请避开1月和2月。在这个海拔高度,夜间温度可能会降至 5-8°C,湖区会连续几天被大雾笼罩。话虽如此,如果你刚好在这个地区,附近 Tay 族村庄的 Tet 庆祝活动还是很值得体验的。

    日落时分越南 Cao Bang 石灰岩山脉和山谷的迷人景色。

    照片由 Quang Nguyen Vinh 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    如何前往

    从 Hanoi 出发: 最常见的路线是从 My Dinh 或 Nuoc Ngam 汽车站乘坐巴士前往 Cao Bang 市。有多家客运公司每天发车。车程约 7-8 小时,费用在 250,000-350,000 VND 之间,具体取决于巴士公司和座位类型。如果你不想浪费白天的时间,可以选择夜间卧铺巴士。

    到达 Cao Bang 市后,Ho Thang Hen 位于通往 Quoc Toan 乡的公路上,距离市区约 20 km。你有以下几种选择:

    • 从 Cao Bang 市 租摩托车:每天 120,000-180,000 VND。道路铺设良好,路况不错。车程约 40 分钟。
    • Xe om(摩托车出租车): 单程价格可协商至 100,000-150,000 VND 左右。
    • 包车/出租车: 如果通过酒店安排,往返大约需要 300,000-400,000 VND。

    没有直达湖区的公共巴士。

    游玩项目

    沿着环湖小径漫步

    一条土路环绕着盆地的一部分,长度大约为 4-5 km,具体取决于水位。这不是一条修剪整齐的木栈道——要做好应对不平整地面、树根的准备,在南端附近还需要在岩石上攀爬。以轻松的步伐走完大约需要 2-3 小时。东岸提供了观赏喀斯特峰林的最佳视角。

    湖上泛舟

    在雨季,当地经营者会提供小木船和竹筏。每人大约需要支付 50,000-100,000 VND,游览一圈约 30-45 分钟。船会带你穿过喀斯特岩壁之间狭窄的水道,这些地方是步行无法到达的。抵达时请确认是否运营——水位太低时船只停运。

    探索周围的洞穴

    盆地岩壁上有几个洞穴入口。最容易到达的一个位于北岸,只需短暂攀爬即可到达。请自备头灯或手机手电筒——里面没有安装照明设备。洞内的岩层未经人工雕琢,这也是其魅力所在。不要指望这里有 Phong Nha 那样完善的基础设施。

    探访 Tay 族村落

    距离湖泊步行范围内有几个 Tay 族村落。这里有高脚屋、架子上晾晒的烟叶,还有在脚下跑来跑去的鸡。如果你表现得尊重当地人(拍照前先询问,主动打招呼,不要擅自闯入民居),你很可能会被邀请喝茶。有些家庭还会出售手工编织的纺织品。

    在东侧观景点看日出

    如果你在附近过夜,湖东侧的山脊上有一个没有标记的观景点,需要攀爬 20 分钟才能到达。清晨,当湖面上的薄雾散去时,盆地的全貌会慢慢展现出来。在夏季,请在早上 5:30-6:00 之间到达那里。

    附近餐饮推荐

    湖区本身没有餐厅——在旺季时,入口附近只有几个卖饮料的摊贩。建议在前往之前或之后在 Cao Bang 市区用餐。

    有两样美食值得一试:

    • “Banh cuon (반꾸온 / 蒸米卷 / バインクオン)”——Cao Bang 版本的米粉皮比 Hanoi 的更厚,通常包着猪肉碎和木耳,配以微甜的蘸酱。Xuan Truong 街沿线的许多摊位在早上都会供应。
    • “mac mat”胡椒烤鸭——当地特色菜。“mac mat”是一种微小但香气浓郁的胡椒,生长在这个省份,在越南其他地方基本找不到。鸭子是整只烤制的,配米饭食用。可以去中央市场附近的 Vit Quay Cao Bang 店铺尝尝。一整只烤鸭大约需要 350,000-500,000 VND,够 3-4 人食用。

    路边任何一家“ca phe”摊位的 越南咖啡 (베트남 커피 / 越南咖啡 / ベトナムコーヒー) 价格在 15,000-25,000 VND 之间——浓郁、香甜,是你出发前可靠的能量补给。

    越南 Ninh Binh 宁静水面上石灰岩山脉的平静倒影。

    照片由 Karolina 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    住宿推荐

    大多数旅行者会选择住在 Cao Bang 市:

    • 经济型: Vuon Cam 街沿线的基础客栈,200,000-350,000 VND/晚。足够干净,有热水和 Wi-Fi。
    • 中档型: 市场区附近有几家较新的酒店,收费 500,000-800,000 VND/晚,提供空调、早餐和会说英语的前台。
    • 湖区附近的民宿: Thang Hen 附近有一两户 Tay 族家庭提供民宿客房,但房源受季节影响且难以预测。可以在 Cao Bang 市的酒店询问,或通过当地旅游局咨询。预计 150,000-250,000 VND/晚,包含晚餐。

    当地人的实用建议

    • 携带现金。Cao Bang 市区有自动取款机,但湖区没有任何取款设备。
    • 盆地周围的手机信号断断续续。出发前请下载好离线地图。
    • 如果你骑摩托车,请在 Cao Bang 加满油。通往 Thang Hen 的路上有一个加油站,但营业时间不固定。
    • 从黄昏开始,水域附近的蚊子非常凶猛。驱蚊剂是必不可少的。
    • 进山道路有一些急弯,偶尔会有松散的碎石——请减速慢行,尤其是在靠近湖泊的下坡路段。

    避免踩坑

    • 从 Hanoi (하노이 / 河内 / ハノイ) 当日往返。 单程需要 7-8 小时,试图从首都出发进行一日游是毫无意义的。请在 Cao Bang 至少安排两晚的住宿——一晚用于抵达,一晚用于游览湖泊和探索周边。
    • 只为湖泊而来。 Cao Bang 省还有 Ban Gioc 瀑布、Nguom Ngao 洞穴和地质公园步道。Thang Hen 最适合作为 3-4 天 Cao Bang 环线游的一站,而不是唯一的目的地。
    • 1月份来并期待看到满水位的湖泊。 冬季水位最低。如果你想体验大湖的壮阔,请在9月或10月来。
    • 乱扔垃圾。 这点不言而喻,但该地区没有垃圾处理设施。请带走你带来的所有物品。