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Lang Rung Ca Mau:越南最南端红树林旅行指南 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Destinations · south · ca-mau

Lang Rung Ca Mau:越南最南端红树林旅行指南

Ca Mau 的红树林位于越南的最南端。本文将为您介绍这里的风貌、交通方式以及这片沼泽地为何值得一游。

By the Wayfarer teamMay 24, 20266 min read
Women in conical hats fishing in mangrove forest using bamboo traps.
↑ Women in conical hats fishing in mangrove forest using bamboo traps.Photo by Quang Nguyen Vinh on Pexels
Tags
#lang rung ca mau#ca mau#south#destinations#mangrove forest#mekong delta#eco tourism#national park
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    Ca Mau 是越南陆地的尽头。这个省份逐渐收窄成一个泥泞的尖角,东海与泰国湾在此交汇,而这最后一段延伸地带大部分被红树林覆盖——茂密、随潮汐变化,且生机勃勃。“Lang rung”字面意思是森林村庄,而 Lang Rung Ca Mau 指的是定义了 Mekong Delta (메콩 델타 / 湄公河三角洲 / メコンデルタ) 这一角的广阔红树林生态系统。如果你已经走过了常规的南部环线——Saigon、Can Tho,或许还有 Phu Quoc——对于任何想要一睹三角洲最原始风貌的人来说,Ca Mau 是顺理成章的下一站。

    它的独特之处与重要意义

    Lang Rung Ca Mau 覆盖了广袤的红树林和白千层林,大部分集中在两个保护区:Mui Ca Mau 国家公园(位于最南端)和 U Minh Ha 国家公园(位于西北内陆)。这里的红树林是东南亚现存面积最大的红树林之一。

    在战争期间,这些森林曾是抵抗战士的掩护所——茂密的树冠让空中侦察几乎成为不可能。这段历史是当地认同感的一部分,尽管如今这些森林更多是用于生态保护和生态旅游。该地区在历史上曾是更大的 Ca Mau 省的一部分(当时还包括 Bac Lieu);两地于1997年分治为两个独立的省份,但在文化上它们仍然共享着许多相同的基因。

    游客们为这里的风景而来。红树林错综复杂的根系从黑色的水面上拔地而起,宛如交织的墙壁。猴子在树冠间荡来荡去。鹭、鹳、鸬鹚等鸟类在此筑起庞大的群落。这里并不精致,也不适合拍那种完美的网红打卡照,但它展现出了一种高度发达的旅游目的地所缺乏的真实感。

    最佳游玩时间

    12月至次年4月的旱季是最舒适的游览窗口期。此时水位较低,乘船出行更加容易,野生动物也更集中在残留的水池周围。1月到3月是最理想的——降雨较少,清晨较为凉爽,候鸟也还在附近。

    尽量避开9月和10月。此时正值洪水高峰期,部分步道会关闭,蚊子也十分猖獗。话虽如此,雨季也有其独特的戏剧性——森林感觉几乎像是在水下,而且你基本上可以独享这片天地。

    交通指南

    从 Saigon (사이공 / 西贡 / サイゴン) 出发,您有以下几种选择:

    • 巴士: 从 Saigon 的 Mien Tay 车站有直达 Ca Mau 市的卧铺巴士。车程约 8-9 小时,票价根据客运公司不同在 200,000-280,000 VND 之间。Phuong Trang (Futa) 每天有多个班次。
    • 飞行 + 换乘: Vietnam (베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム) Airlines 和 Bamboo Airways 均有从 Saigon 飞往 Ca Mau 机场 (CAH) 的航班。飞行时间约 1 小时,如果提前预订,机票价格在 800,000-1,500,000 VND 左右。从机场乘坐出租车到 Ca Mau 市中心只需 15 分钟。
    • 从 Can Tho (껀터 / 芹苴 / カントー) 出发: 从 Can Tho 到 Ca Mau 的巴士车程约 3.5-4 小时,票价在 120,000-150,000 VND 左右。

    抵达 Ca Mau 市后,前往森林需要使用当地交通工具。Mui Ca Mau 国家公园位于以南约 100 km 处——你需要包车或骑摩托车前往 Dat Mui 乡,然后再乘船。大多数宾馆都能协助安排。U Minh Ha 距离较近,位于该市以西约 30 km 处。

    郁郁葱葱、充满生机的越南河畔村庄的绝美鸟瞰图。

    照片由 maxed. RAW 发布于 Pexels

    游玩推荐

    乘船穿梭于红树林运河

    这是此行的重头戏。狭窄的木船(“xuong”)穿梭在几乎不比船体宽多少的运河中。在安静的水域,船夫会关闭引擎,让你在由树根和枝叶交织而成的绿色隧道下随波漂流。穿越 Mui Ca Mau 的乘船游览通常需要 2-3 小时,每艘船(可容纳 2-4 人)的费用为 300,000-500,000 VND。登船前请先谈好价格。

    漫步 Dat Mui 木栈道

    一条高架木栈道穿过 Mui Ca Mau 地标(真正的越南最南端)附近的红树林。栈道全长约 1.5 km,尽头是一个观景台,泥沙沉积带与开阔的水域在此交汇。步行大约需要 30-40 分钟。门票为 20,000 VND。

    游览 U Minh Ha 白千层林

    U Minh Ha 是一个截然不同的生态系统——这里是淡水白千层(“tram”)林,而非咸水红树林。树木长得高大笔直,树下的水被单宁染成了茶褐色。皮划艇或小船游览的费用约为 200,000-350,000 VND。黎明时分是观鸟的最佳时机。

    观察泥沙沉积线

    Ca Mau 的海岸线是越南为数不多能让你亲眼目睹陆地“生长”的地方之一。来自湄公河的泥沙沉积使得某些地方的海岸线每年向外推进 50-80 米。站在最南端,你脚下的土地在十年前甚至还不存在。

    Hon Khoai 岛(如果时间允许)

    Hon Khoai 是一座森林覆盖的小岛,距离 Mui Ca Mau 海岸约 15 km,岛上有一座法国殖民时期的灯塔。从 Dat Mui 乘坐快艇大约需要 40 分钟。前往该岛的行程并不总是那么容易安排——请向当地人询问海况和船只情况。包船往返的预算约为 800,000-1,200,000 VND。

    附近美食推荐

    Ca Mau 的招牌菜是“lau mam”——一种发酵鱼火锅,汤底味道奇特且极其鲜美,里面放满了虾、鱿鱼、茄子和空心菜。味道非常浓郁。你可以在 Ca Mau 市的 Ly Bon 或 Tran Hung Dao 街沿线的当地餐厅找到这道菜。两人份的火锅价格为 150,000-250,000 VND。

    同样值得一试的还有“ba khia”——一种在盐水中腌制的小型重盐沼泽蟹。这是一种需要慢慢适应的口味——又咸又腥,通常配米饭吃——而且是该地区特有的美食。街边小贩售卖的份量价格在 30,000-50,000 VND 之间。搭配任何早晨面摊上的一碗“hu tieu”,就是一顿地道的三角洲早餐。

    住宿推荐

    Ca Mau 市的主干道沿线有几家不错的酒店。经济型宾馆每晚价格为 200,000-400,000 VND。中档酒店(Muong Thanh、Anh Nguyet)价格在 500,000-900,000 VND 之间,提供空调、热水和早餐。

    在 Mui Ca Mau 附近,住宿条件较为简陋——Dat Mui 的社区民宿提供床位,每晚 150,000-250,000 VND,并可提供餐饮。不要指望有多奢华,但一定会配有蚊帐和冷水淋浴。

    阳光明媚的热带海滩上,一排排色彩鲜艳的圆形小船,棕榈树在微风中摇曳。

    照片由 Quang Nguyen Vinh 发布于 Pexels

    当地人的实用建议

    • 带上驱蚊剂。 这不是建议,而是必须。红树林里滋生着工业级规模的蚊子,尤其是在黎明和黄昏时分。
    • 穿长袖和长裤,即使天气很热。烈日、虫子和树枝都会对暴露在外的皮肤造成威胁。
    • 携带现金。 Ca Mau 市里有自动取款机,但一旦你前往 Dat Mui 或 U Minh Ha,就无法使用刷卡支付了。
    • 雇佣当地向导游览森林。 20分钟后,所有的运河看起来都一模一样,很容易迷失方向。向导的费用为半天 200,000-400,000 VND。
    • 尽早出发。 野生动物在早上8点前最为活跃。到了10点,酷热难耐,鸟儿们也都躲起来了。

    需避免的常见误区

    • 把它当作从 Can Tho 出发的一日游。 距离太远,无法轻松实现当天往返。请计划在 Ca Mau 市或 Dat Mui 至少住一晚。
    • 跳过 U Minh Ha。 大多数游客都执着于在最南端拍照打卡,却错过了白千层林,而后者可以说能提供更好的自然体验。
    • 不确认船只时刻表。 前往 Dat Mui 和 Hon Khoai 的船只没有固定的时刻表。天气和潮汐决定了开船时间。务必在出发前一天进行确认。
    • 期待 Mekong Delta 常见的成熟旅游设施。 Ca Mau 不是 Can Tho。这里很少有英文标牌,旅游基础设施也很薄弱,但这正是其魅力所在。

    实用须知

    Ca Mau 会回馈有耐心的人。这不是一个你可以匆匆掠过的地方——路途遥远,交通安排较为松散,而且它的回报比水上市场或烹饪课要安静得多。但如果你想看看 Mekong Delta 汇入大海前的模样,这里就是你的不二之选。