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San Chim Ca Mau:越南南部鸟类保护区旅行指南 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Destinations · south · ca-mau

San Chim Ca Mau:越南南部鸟类保护区旅行指南

探访 San Chim Ca Mau 的实用指南。这座位于湄公河三角洲深处的鸟类保护区,是成千上万只鹳和鹭在红树林中筑巢的家园。

By the Wayfarer teamMay 23, 20266 min read
Women in conical hats fishing in mangrove forest using bamboo traps.
↑ Women in conical hats fishing in mangrove forest using bamboo traps.Photo by Quang Nguyen Vinh on Pexels
Tags
#san chim ca mau#ca mau#south#destinations#mekong delta#birdwatching#nature
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    Ca Mau 省位于越南的最南端,陆地在这里最终化作泥滩和红树林。San Chim Ca Mau——字面意思是“鸟园”——是湄公河三角洲 (메콩 델타 / 湄公河三角洲 / メコンデルタ) 最大的鸟类保护区之一,也是南部为数不多能让你在黄昏时分避开拥挤人群,静静观赏成千上万只涉禽归巢的地方。

    景点介绍

    San Chim Ca Mau 是一个湿地鸟类保护区,占地约 130 公顷,长满了白千层(“tram”)和红树林,位于 Ca Mau 市中心西南约 45 km 处。该保护区坐落在 U Minh Ha 国家公园的领地内,但作为一个独立的景点运营。根据季节的不同,这片森林里栖息着几千到几万只鸟类——主要是鹳、鹭、鸬鹚和白鹭,还有少量的朱鹮以及几种被列入 Vietnam (베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム) 红色名录的濒危物种。

    该地区曾是一片面积广阔的白千层沼泽的一部分,那片沼泽曾覆盖了 Ca Mau 半岛的大部分区域。几十年来,土地开垦和养虾业不断侵蚀着这些栖息地,这使得像这样残存的斑块变得至关重要,而不仅仅是风景优美。该保护区自21世纪初开始受到正式保护,并增设了木制栈道和观景台,以便在不打扰鸟类筑巢的情况下接待游客。

    为什么值得一去

    大多数来到这里的人要么是观鸟爱好者,要么是那些在常规的 Can Tho 路线之外,深入探索湄公河三角洲的旅行者。与三角洲旅游中常见的水上市场和果园不同,San Chim Ca Mau 提供了一种截然不同的体验——这里宁静、原生态,且会回馈那些充满耐心的人。日落时分,看着成群的鹳鸟盘旋降落在树冠上,那景象令人叹为观止;而白千层森林本身也带有一种奇特、银白色的美感,非常适合拍照。

    游览这里还可以顺便前往向南约 50 km 处的 Dat Mui(Ca Mau 角),那里是越南大陆的最南端。许多旅行者会将这两个地方结合起来,安排成一日游或过夜游。

    最佳游玩时间

    鸟类数量在筑巢季节达到顶峰,大约从 5 月持续到 10 月,这段时间与雨季重合。7 月和 8 月往往是鸟类最集中的时候。在这里,降雨实际上对你有利——水位上升,鱼类和甲壳类动物游入被水淹没的森林,鸟儿们也会随之而来。

    旱季(12 月至次年 4 月)的天气更舒适,但你能看到的鸟会比较少。无论在哪个月份,清晨(早上 7 AM 之前)和傍晚(下午 4 PM 之后)都是最佳观赏时段——正午的酷热会让鸟儿们外出觅食,那时你只能对着空荡荡的树枝发呆。

    如何前往

    Ca Mau 市是最近的交通枢纽。从 Saigon 出发,你有以下几种选择:

    • 巴士: Phuong Trang (FUTA) 和 Thanh Buoi 每天都有从 Saigon (사이공 / 西贡 / サイゴン) 的 Mien Tay 汽车站开往 Ca Mau 的班车。车程约 8–9 小时,票价根据运营商和座位类型在 200,000–280,000 VND 之间。有夜间卧铺巴士可供选择。
    • 航班: Vietnam Airlines 和 Bamboo Airways 运营从 Tan Son Nhat 飞往 Ca Mau 机场 (CAH) 的航班。飞行时间约 1 小时 15 分钟,如果提前预订,机票价格通常在 800,000–1,500,000 VND 之间。机场很小,距离市中心 5 km——外面有 Grab 出租车等候。
    • 从 Can Tho (껀터 / 芹苴 / カントー) 出发: 如果你已经在三角洲地区,从 Can Tho 到 Ca Mau 的巴士大约需要 3.5–4 小时,票价约 130,000–160,000 VND。

    从 Ca Mau 市区到 San Chim,你需要安排一辆摩托车(在镇上租一辆大约 150,000 VND/天)或通过酒店包车带司机。道路已铺设柏油,但有些地方比较狭窄。单程需预留 60–75 分钟。Ca Mau 的一些宾馆可以安排鸟类保护区和 Dat Mui 的联合一日游,每人 500,000–800,000 VND,包含交通和乘船费用。

    白鹭优雅地栖息在郁郁葱葱的绿色森林中的竹竿上,展现了自然宁静之美。

    照片由 Vũ Adventures 发布于 Pexels

    游玩项目

    黄昏时分漫步木栈道

    保护区内有一个穿梭于白千层森林中的高架木栈道网络。合理安排你的游览时间,确保在下午 5 PM 前到达观景台——这时鸟群开始归巢。如果有双筒望远镜,请务必带上。主观景台高约 15 米,可以提供树冠高度的绝佳视野。

    乘船穿行于水淹森林

    在雨季,小木船(“xuong”)可以在树冠下的水道中航行。30–45 分钟的乘船游览大约需要每人 100,000–150,000 VND。船夫靠人力划桨而不是使用马达,这能保持环境的安静,不会惊飞鸟群。这是近距离观察鸟类筑巢地的最佳方式。

    拍摄白千层森林

    即使你对鸟类不感兴趣,白千层树本身——苍白、纸质的树皮倒映在深色的水面上——也能拍出极具视觉冲击力的照片。清晨透过树冠洒落的光线尤为迷人。如果你想拍出像样的鸟类特写,请带上焦距大于 100mm 的镜头。

    参观鱼塘

    在保护区边缘,当地家庭经营着小型的水产养殖塘。有些家庭欢迎游客参观,并会向你展示他们如何养殖“ca loc”(黑鱼)和淡水虾。这种参观很随意——只需让你的司机或导游停下车即可。

    结合 Dat Mui 一同游览

    Ca Mau 角——GPS认证的越南大陆最南端——可以从向南约 50 km 处的 Dat Mui 码头乘船抵达。穿过红树林水道的船程大约需要 30 分钟。那里有一个混凝土标志碑、一个小博物馆,除此之外没有太多别的东西,但沿途的红树林风光绝对值得你绕道一游。

    附近美食

    Ca Mau 省以两样东西闻名:泥蟹和虾。在 Ca Mau 市区和保护区之间公路旁的当地餐厅里,你可以找找“lau cua”(螃蟹火锅)——它的味道浓郁,略带甜味,与北方的螃蟹菜肴截然不同。“Banh tam bi”——拌有椰浆和猪肉的粗木薯面条——是一道值得在 Ca Mau 中心市场的摊位上寻找的湄公河南部特色美食。

    如果想坐下来好好吃一顿,位于 Ca Mau 市 Ly Thuong Kiet 街的 Quan Hai San Thanh Dat 餐厅提供地道的螃蟹和烤虾,价格合理——饱餐一顿预计每人 150,000–300,000 VND。

    住宿推荐

    Ca Mau 市有相当多不错的酒店选择。经济型宾馆(“nha nghi”)每晚 200,000–350,000 VND。中档酒店如 Muong Thanh Ca Mau 或 Anh Nguyet Hotel 价格在 500,000–900,000 VND 左右。保护区内没有住宿,因此建议将市区作为你的落脚点。

    一艘满载木材的驳船在越南 Vinh Long 省 An Hoi 郁郁葱葱的水域中航行。

    照片由 Flint Huynh 发布于 Pexels

    当地人的实用建议

    • 这里的蚊子非常凶猛。 请携带高浓度避蚊胺(DEET)的驱蚊液,尤其是在雨季游览时。长袖和长裤是必须的,没得商量。
    • 穿不怕湿的鞋子。 木栈道通常是干的,但船上不是,而且雨后保护区入口周围的泥巴可能会没过脚踝。
    • 带足现金。 保护区附近没有自动取款机(ATM)。出发前请在 Ca Mau 市区取好钱。
    • 聘请当地导游: 如果你对辨认鸟类感兴趣——保护区办公室有时会提供导游服务,费用为 200,000–300,000 VND,但最好提前打电话确认。你的酒店通常也可以帮忙安排。

    避免常见误区

    中午到达,然后纳闷鸟都去哪儿了——这是最常见的抱怨。请将行程安排在黎明或黄昏。此外,不要指望这里有修剪整齐的栈道和礼品店——这是一个位于三角洲偏远地区、正在运作的自然保护区,而不是主题公园。这种原生态正是它的魅力所在,但也意味着设施很基础,指示牌也很少。

    最后,不要为了省钱而放弃乘船游览。仅仅在木栈道上步行,你可能只能体验到 40% 的乐趣。从水面视角欣赏被水淹没的森林,才是这个地方真正的精髓所在。

    实用信息

    目前门票为每人 30,000 VND。保护区每天开放,时间大约是早上 6 AM 到下午 6 PM,不过营业时间可能比较随意。如果你正在深入探索湄公河三角洲——Can Tho、Soc Trang、Ca Mau——这是一个非常值得停留的地方,大多数旅行者错过它仅仅是因为不知道它的存在。