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  3. 清化省的两大美味:Nem Chua 与 Banh Cuon Que Tre
🇨🇳 Food & Drink · north

清化省的两大美味:Nem Chua 与 Banh Cuon Que Tre

清化省的发酵猪肉肠 Nem Chua 和竹签米卷是越南北部最被低估的地区特色美食,本文将带你了解它们的独特之处。

Wayfarer 团队May 26, 20264 分钟阅读
Chả lụa slices with chili, garlic, and dipping sauce on a wooden board.
↑ Chả lụa slices with chili, garlic, and dipping sauce on a wooden board.Photo by Hải Nguyễn on Pexels
Tags
#regional specialty#food#thanh hoa#street food#fermented pork#rice rolls
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最后更新 · May 26, 2026 · 独立调研,无任何赞助。

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    Banh Dap in Hoi An: How to Order Without Panic

    清化(Thanh Hoa)位于 Hanoi 以南 150 公里处,在美食旅游方面的名气并不大。但这其实是个遗憾。单是两道菜——“nem chua”和“banh cuon que tre”——就值得你专程前往,而且这两道菜都具有极强的地域属性,其他地方的仿制品根本无法复刻其精髓。

    Nem Chua Thanh Hoa:发酵工艺的典范

    Nem chua(酸肉肠)在越南各地都有,但清化版本拥有独特的个性。其原料是手工捣碎的生猪肉——瘦肉混合切成细丝的猪皮——并用鱼露、胡椒、大蒜和适量的糖调味。混合物被紧紧地包裹在香蕉叶中,有时还会塞入一片新鲜辣椒,然后在室温下发酵两到三天。

    清化风格的独特之处在于比例:猪皮的含量比你在 Saigon 见到的版本要多,这使得每一口都更有嚼劲,且带有更强烈的酸味。其发酵程度恰到好处,肉质产生了浓郁的酸香,却又不会产生氨味。当你拆开包装时,它摸起来应该稍微有些硬度——如果还很软,说明还需要再发酵一天。

    当地人常把 nem chua 当作下酒菜,搭配“bia hoi”食用,切成薄片,配上生大蒜和青辣椒。你也可以在正餐中见到它——几块 nem chua 搭配米饭和红烧肉。清化市场(Cho Thanh Hoa,位于市中心的 Phan Chu Trinh 街)附近的街头摊位以每个 8,000–12,000 VND 的价格出售独立包装的 nem chua。真空包装的版本(五六个一包,售价 30,000–50,000 VND)是非常实用的伴手礼,在不冷藏的情况下也能存放一两天。

    这种风味与你在 Saigon 的 Ben Thanh Market 找到的偏甜口味,或是在 Hanoi 出售的较温和的北部版本截然不同。建议直接从可以看到制作过程的摊位购买,而不是去预先包装好的旅游商店——那里的包装更新鲜,发酵也更地道。

    Banh Cuon Que Tre:竹签上的米卷

    在越南大部分地区,“Banh cuon(蒸米卷)”指的是用蒸米皮包裹猪肉末和木耳,配以肉汤或蘸鱼露食用。而清化的 banh cuon que tre 则完全是另一回事。

    Que tre 的意思是竹签。在这里,米浆被摊在覆盖于蒸锅上的布上——这是标准工艺——但它不是折叠包裹馅料并平铺供应,而是趁热直接卷在细竹签上,形成一个长约筷子的紧实圆柱体。成品是一根劲道、半透明的蒸米卷,你可以将其从竹签上取下,或者直接咬着竹签吃。

    蘸酱是关键。好的摊位会用稀释的鱼露配上青柠、糖、新鲜辣椒,以及最重要的一点——炸红葱头的油脂。正是那层葱油提升了整道菜的口感:它为米卷裹上了一层淡淡的甜味和香气,这是单纯的鱼露无法比拟的。有些摊贩还会撒上一点肉松或虾干。一份八到十卷的售价为 20,000–35,000 VND。

    品尝 banh cuon que tre 的最佳时间是清晨。摊位从早上 6 点左右开始营业,通常到 10 点就会卖光或收摊。Ham Rong 桥附近以及清化市中心 Le Loi 街的小巷里都有口碑不错的摊贩。这种方便携带、站着就能吃的形式,意味着它主要是早餐或上午的小吃,而不是正餐。

    美味的越南 banh bot loc,盛在香蕉叶上,配有风味十足的蘸酱。

    图片来自 Pexels 上的 Hải Nguyễn

    清化更广泛的饮食文化

    清化位于越南北部红河三角洲饮食文化与 Hue 及中部沿海地区更辛辣、更复杂菜系之间的过渡地带。这里的食物直接且不花哨——大量使用猪肉、米制品、发酵或腌制食材,并以鱼露作为主要调味料。

    这不是一个讲究烹饪排场的省份。这里没有品鉴菜单,也没有为了迎合 Instagram 而对本地食材进行“融合”改造的餐厅。你得到的是几十年如一日的同一个摊位、同一个配方,由从父母那里传承手艺的人制作。那种延续性正是其核心所在。

    清化其他值得尝试的菜肴包括 cha tom(甘蔗烤虾泥)、banh da(市场附近出售的黑芝麻米饼),以及当地版本的“banh canh(粗米粉汤)”,其面条比你在南部吃到的要粗一些。如果你正在 Hanoi 和 Hue 或 Da Nang 之间自驾,清化是一个自然的午餐或晚餐停留点——该市距离 Hanoi 以南约两小时车程,就在 1A 国道旁。

    繁华的街头市场,色彩缤纷的遮阳伞和多样的食物,捕捉到了生机勃勃的白天场景。

    图片来自 Pexels 上的 Đạt Nguyễn

    实用贴士

    从 Hanoi 可乘火车前往清化市(乘坐 SE 列车约 2.5 小时,票价 100,000 VND 起),也可从 My Dinh 车站乘巴士前往。大多数食品摊位只收现金;准备一些小额钞票会很方便。从信誉良好的市场摊贩那里购买的 nem chua 可以放心直接食用——发酵过程本身具有防腐作用——但要避免购买看起来存放超过几天的预包装版本。