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Dien Thai Hoa:Hue 皇宫宝座殿旅行指南 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Destinations · central · hue

Dien Thai Hoa:Hue 皇宫宝座殿旅行指南

Dien Thai Hoa 是 Hue 皇城的礼仪中心。从门票信息到附近最美味的 bun bo,这里有您在参观前需要了解的一切。

By the Wayfarer teamMay 24, 20267 min read
Colorful and ornate imperial throne room in historic Hue, Vietnam.
↑ Colorful and ornate imperial throne room in historic Hue, Vietnam.Photo by Quang Nguyen Vinh on Pexels
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#dien thai hoa#hue#central#destinations#imperial city#nguyen dynasty#heritage
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    Dien Thai Hoa(太和殿)是 Hue 皇城内最重要的一座建筑。如果您在那高耸的城墙后只能参观一处建筑,那绝对非它莫属。

    它的历史背景与重要性

    Dien Thai Hoa 是 Nguyen 朝代的主宝座殿,这是 Vietnam(베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム)的最后一个封建王朝,统治时期为 1802 年至 1945 年。这座宫殿最初建于 1805 年 Gia Long 帝时期,随后由历代君主扩建和翻修,其中最著名的是 19 世纪 30 年代 Minh Mang 帝的修缮。在近 150 年的时间里,这里是举行加冕典礼、皇帝接见外国使节以及举办重大宫廷仪式的地方。

    这座建筑坐落在 皇城 中心的石头高台上,正位于 Ngo Mon 门后方。它的双层屋顶覆盖着黄绿相间的琉璃瓦,是 Hue(후에 / 顺化 / フエ)最具辨识度的建筑轮廓之一。大殿内部有 80 根雕花漆面铁木柱、一把镀金宝座,以及工匠团队耗时数年才完成的精美龙纹图案。这座宫殿在 1968 年 Tet 攻势的战火中幸存了下来(周围的许多建筑则未能幸免),并经历了细致的修复工作,最近一次是在 2020 年代初在联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)的支持下进行的。

    为什么值得一游

    Dien Thai Hoa 不是一个摆满玻璃展柜的博物馆。它是一个真实王朝的真实宝座殿,且大部分保存完好,您可以直接走到皇帝曾经坐过的高台前。内部的宏大规模——粗壮的柱子、精美的天花板工艺、庄重的仪式感——比任何教科书都能更好地传达 Nguyen 朝廷的文化。摄影师们会在清晨赶来,捕捉阳光洒在庭院石砖上的光影。历史爱好者为它的建筑慕名而来。而其他人来此,则是因为它是 Vietnam 最重要的遗产建筑群之一的核心,而且它确实名副其实。

    如果您在 Hue 的行程中安排了参观位于市郊的 Tu Duc 陵墓 或 Khai Dinh 陵墓,那么 Dien Thai Hoa 则是这段历史在城市中心的核心篇章——这些皇帝曾经执掌权力的宝座。

    最佳游览时间

    Hue 的天气极具个性。最佳游览月份是 2 月到 4 月:气候温暖舒适(25-30°C),而且足够干燥,您不必在露天庭院里躲雨。9 月到 11 月是台风季——皇城场地经常积水,部分区域会关闭。

    就建筑本身而言,工作日早上 9 点前是避开人群、安静欣赏宝座殿的最佳时机。来自 Da Nang 的旅游大巴会在 9:30 左右开始抵达,到了 10 点,庭院里就会挤满游客。傍晚时分(下午 3 点后)是另一个好时段,特别是从 3 月起,白昼时间会变长。

    Vietnam Hue Thai Hoa 宫的壮丽景色,带有精美的雕刻。

    照片由 Thái Nguyễn 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    如何前往

    如果您从最常见的交通枢纽 Da Nang(다낭 / 岘港 / ダナン)出发,有以下几种选择:

    • 火车: 乘坐 统一快车 从 Da Nang 到 Hue 火车站大约需要 2.5 小时。硬座票价在 60,000-120,000 VND 之间。这条路线沿海岸线翻越 Hai Van 关——为了沿途的风景,至少值得体验一次单程。
    • 巴士: Da Nang 中心汽车站有频繁的班车发车,票价约 100,000-120,000 VND,车程 2.5-3 小时,具体取决于交通情况。
    • 包车或 Grab: 经由 Hai Van 隧道大约需要 1.5-2 小时,单程费用约 800,000-1,000,000 VND。

    从 Hue 市中心出发,Dien Thai Hoa 位于香江(Perfume River)北岸的皇城建筑群内。从大多数酒店乘坐出租车只需 10 分钟(约 30,000-40,000 VND),或者从 Le Loi 街沿线的背包客区步行 20 分钟即可轻松抵达。从 Ngo Mon 门进入——穿过庭院正前方就是宝座殿。

    皇城建筑群的门票为每人 200,000 VND(截至 2024 年)。Dien Thai Hoa 不单独售票;已包含在通票内。

    游览亮点

    漫步中轴线

    Dien Thai Hoa 的设计初衷是为了让人怀着敬意走近,而非偶然撞见。从 Ngo Mon 门进入,穿过横跨 Thai Dich 湖的 Trung Dao 桥,您就会看到大殿在举行大典的庭院对面巍然耸立。石头庭院里有雕刻的标记,标明了仪式期间各品级官员站立的位置。请放慢脚步慢慢走——这种空间序列是经过精心设计的,也是东南亚保存最完好的皇家风水规划范例之一。

    细赏内部立柱

    内部的 80 根铁木柱涂有红漆并贴有金箔,每根都雕刻着龙云图案。仔细观察柱子之间的差异——有些是在战争破坏后修复的,另一些则是 19 世纪初的原创作品。工艺上的差距本身就是在诉说一段历史。

    拍摄屋顶细节

    双层屋顶上装饰着陶瓷龙吻、凤凰图案,以及皇家建筑专属的标志性黄色琉璃瓦。最佳拍摄角度是从庭院的低处仰拍,或者从两侧的走廊取景。

    在庭院中小憩

    说真的。大典庭院是 Hue 老城中为数不多的大型开阔空间之一。参观完大殿后,在侧廊附近找个阴凉处,静静感受这里的空间比例。整个建筑群的建造目的,就是为了让人感到个体的渺小和皇权的永恒。

    探索周边建筑

    参观完宝座殿后,请不要急着离开皇城。它后方的紫禁城遗址、侧面的九鼎,以及可以观看“水上木偶戏”或“ca tru”表演的皇家剧院(Duyet Thi Duong),都只需步行很短的距离即可到达。

    附近美食推荐

    Hue 是 Vietnam 的美食之都之一,参观结束后,您附近就有几个非常不错的就餐选择。

    从 Ngo Mon 门向南朝河边走,您会来到 Tran Hung Dao 和 Hung Vuong 周围的街道。“Bun bo Hue(분보후에 / 顺化牛肉粉 / ブンボーフエ)”——这座城市标志性的香辣牛肉汤粉——随处可见,但位于 Nguyen Du 街的 Bun Bo Hue O Phuong 是一家口碑很好的老店,一碗大约 35,000-40,000 VND。如果想吃“banh canh”(一种常配有蟹肉的浓稠木薯面汤),可以去 Chi Lang 街沿线的摊位尝尝,向东南方向步行 10 分钟即可到达。一碗价格在 30,000-45,000 VND 之间。

    如果您想吃点清淡的,Dong Ba 市场(沿 Tran Hung Dao 向东走一小段路)附近有卖“banh xeo(반세오 / 越南煎饼 / バインセオ)”的摊贩——这是一种塞满虾和猪肉的酥脆姜黄煎饼,Hue 风格的煎饼比南方的版本更小、更脆。

    在蔚蓝天空下的 Hue 历史悠久的皇城门正面图。

    照片由 lhthoai 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    住宿推荐

    Hue 的住宿区集中在香江以南,前往皇城非常方便:

    • 经济型: Pham Ngu Lao 和 Le Loi 街沿线的宾馆,每晚 200,000-400,000 VND。
    • 中档型: 沿河的精品酒店,价格 600,000-1,200,000 VND。这里有几栋由法国殖民时期建筑改造而成的酒店。
    • 高端型: Azerai La Residence 或 Pilgrimage Village,价格从 2,500,000 VND 起。

    当地人的实用建议

    • 戴上帽子并带上水。庭院里几乎没有阴凉处,即使在较凉爽的月份,Hue 正午的阳光也非常刺眼。
    • 如果您想了解历史背景,可以在 Ngo Mon 门雇一位当地导游(1-2 小时约 200,000-300,000 VND)。这座建筑的英文标识不多。
    • 如果您出发得早,可以将皇城和 Hue 的皇家陵墓安排在同一天游览。大多数人会在上午游览皇城,午餐后向南前往陵墓。
    • 包含皇城和几个皇家陵墓的套票价格为 530,000 VND,如果您要游览两个以上的景点,购买套票会更划算。

    避免常见误区

    • 走马观花。 旅行团在这里只花 20 分钟。您至少需要 90 分钟来游览整个皇城建筑群,而单单 Dien Thai Hoa 就值得您花上 30-40 分钟。
    • 忽略两侧。 大多数游客径直走到宝座前,拍张照就离开了。其实侧廊以及从大殿后方眺望紫禁城遗址的景色,都非常值得一看。
    • 正午游览。 上午 11 点到下午 2 点之间,庭院简直就像个大火炉。请务必避开这个时间段。
    • 认为从 Da Nang 出发的一日游就足够了。 Hue 值得您留宿一晚。皇城、陵墓、美食,还有黄昏时的香江,匆忙的一日游绝对会辜负这座城市的美。