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Lau Mam Chau Doc:An Giang 别具风味的发酵鱼火锅 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Food & Drink · south · an-giang

Lau Mam Chau Doc:An Giang 别具风味的发酵鱼火锅

Chau Doc 的 lau mam 是湄公河三角洲最具争议的美食——这锅翻滚着发酵鱼、野菜和浓烈异味的火锅,竟是当地人的日常早餐。

By the Wayfarer teamMay 15, 20264 min read
Large clay pots for fish sauce fermentation against a coastal backdrop with fishing boats and modern buildings.
↑ Large clay pots for fish sauce fermentation against a coastal backdrop with fishing boats and modern buildings.Photo by Quang Nguyen Vinh on Pexels
Tags
#an giang#chau doc#lau mam#specialty#mekong#hot pot#fermented fish#street food
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Last updated · May 19, 2026 · independently researched, never sponsored.

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    Chau Doc 坐落在 An Giang 省的柬埔寨边境,这里的食物也印证了这一点——大胆、发酵风味十足且毫不妥协。“Lau mam”是这座小镇的标志性美食:这是一种以陈年发酵鱼为底料的火锅,闻起来令人退避三舍,吃起来却极其鲜美。只要你能挺过第一口闻到的气味,你就会爱上它。

    Mam 究竟是什么

    汤底的灵魂在于“mam”——将淡水鱼用盐腌制并静置发酵数月而成。在 Chau Doc 的 lau mam 中,主要使用两种 mam。

    Mam linh 由 linh 鱼(湄公河的一种多刺小鱼)制成,发酵至鱼肉分解成浓稠的铁锈色糊状。它是两者中较甜的一种,具有浓郁的鲜味,能为汤底定下基调,而不会让人觉得只有死咸。

    Mam sat 则来自体型较大的泥鱼,发酵时间更长,制成的鱼酱颜色更深、气味更具侵略性,带有较强的氨水味。Chau Doc 的大多数厨师会将两者混合——用 mam linh 增加醇厚感,用 mam sat 提升层次感——并根据口味调整比例。

    将鱼酱与香茅、南姜和新鲜辣椒一起慢炖,然后过滤。剩下的便是一锅浑浊的橙色汤汁,看起来其貌不扬,坦白说,闻起来就像盛夏里的渔村。不过,这种气味会随着加热而变淡,等火锅端上桌时,几乎已经完全消失了。

    熬汤过程

    熬制一锅正宗的 lau mam 汤底需要两到三个小时。将 mam 鱼酱与椰子水一起小火慢炖(有些厨师会用清水,但椰子水能增添一丝淡淡的清甜,中和咸味)。整根香茅、切片的南姜和一把虾米一起下锅,增加汤的醇厚度。全部熬好后用布过滤,留下一锅清澈透亮的汤底。上桌时,锅里会加入五花肉和虾,还有鱿鱼片,有时也会放黑鱼。

    辣度是可以调整的——如果你想品尝 mam 的原味而不被辣椒掩盖,可以要求“it cay”(微辣)。

    蔬菜配菜

    这正是 lau mam 的有趣之处。与火锅一起端上来的蔬菜拼盘,种类之丰富、奇特,几乎在其他越南菜中都见不到。

    • Rau muong(空心菜)——标配
    • Bong sung(睡莲茎,切成环状)——口感微脆,带点清甜
    • Bap chuoi(生香蕉花,切丝)——能完美吸收汤汁
    • Muop(丝瓜,切成圆片)——熟得很快,建议早点下锅
    • Keo neo(一种带有淡淡柑橘味的野生水生香草,在湄公河以外很难找到)
    • 豆芽、卷心菜和芋头茎让整个拼盘更加丰富

    正确的吃法是分批下蔬菜——丝瓜煮的时间较长,要先下;睡莲茎和空心菜只需烫三十秒,最后再放。汤汁越熬越浓郁,所以最后一轮蔬菜吃起来和第一轮截然不同。

    一位穿着传统服饰的妇女穿过 Chau Doc 的街道,展现了越南日常生活的精髓。

    照片由 Claire Dao 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    在 Chau Doc 去哪儿吃

    位于 Nguyen Huu Canh 街的 Quan Lau Mam Ba Hue 是大多数在 Chau Doc 寻访美食的人的标杆。这家店已经经营了几十年,开门很早(早上 6 点),汤底每天早上新鲜熬制。包含蔬菜在内,两人份的火锅大约需要 120,000–150,000 VND。

    靠近 Chau Doc 市场的 Quan Mam Co Nam 门面较小,环境也比较简陋,但这里的 mam sat 比例更高——意味着味道更浓烈——而且食客几乎全是本地人。营业时间从早上 6:30 到中午,午餐时间汤底卖完就关门了。

    如果想找个地方坐下来好好吃顿晚餐,靠近 Hau 河畔的 Bach Dang 街沿线的餐厅会将 lau mam 作为主打菜,搭配其他 An Giang 特色美食一起供应。这里的两人份价格会涨到 200,000 VND,但环境绝对物超所值——有风扇降温的餐厅、迷人的河景,还有冰镇啤酒。

    关于气味:一句大实话

    发酵鱼的味道是真实存在的。当火锅刚端上桌、揭开锅盖的那一刻,蒸汽中夹杂着腌制数月的鱼的浓烈气味扑面而来。这绝不是一道内敛的菜肴。

    在刚开始煮的两三分钟里,气味是最浓的。一旦香茅和南姜被煮透,汤底开始持续冒泡,气味就会变得醇厚浓郁,不再刺鼻。等你吃到一半时,你甚至会完全忽略它的存在。

    如果你能毫无压力地接受重口味奶酪、陈年鱼露或纳豆,那么 lau mam 对你来说绝对小菜一碟。但如果发酵食品对你来说是全新领域,建议先点个小锅,或者和一个能指导你吃完第一碗的人一起分享。

    无人机俯拍越南 Long An 省农民采摘睡莲的画面。

    照片由 Quang Nguyen Vinh 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    如何前往 Chau Doc

    Chau Doc 距离 Saigon 约 250 km——乘巴士大约需要五到六个小时(Phuong Trang 和 Thanh Buoi 都有从 Mien Tay 汽车站出发的定期班车,票价在 150,000–180,000 VND 左右)。如果你已经在三角洲地区,从 Can Tho 乘坐快艇可以将水路行程缩短至两个小时。许多旅行者会将 Chau Doc 纳入更长的湄公河环线行程中,然后乘船越过边境前往金边。

    实用提示

    在 Chau Doc,lau mam 主要作为早餐和午餐供应——大多数当地餐馆在下午 1 点前就会关门。请尽早前往,尤其是在周末,因为好吃的店很快就会卖光。靠近河畔的市场区有几家卖 mam 的摊贩,出售可以带回家的生鱼酱;如果你想在自家厨房里尝试制作,真空包装的鱼酱非常适合旅行携带。