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🇨🇳 Travel Tips · all · hanoi

越南厕所礼仪:蹲厕与坐厕、冲洗喷枪与卫生纸——你需要知道的一切

越南的卫生间设施因地而异——从河内咖啡馆里光洁的坐式马桶,到乡村车站的蹲式便池。以下是你需要了解的真实情况。

Nam Nguyen 撰写May 30, 20264 分钟阅读
A scenic view of Turtle Tower on Hoan Kiem Lake surrounded by lush greenery in Hanoi, Vietnam.
↑ A scenic view of Turtle Tower on Hoan Kiem Lake surrounded by lush greenery in Hanoi, Vietnam.Photo by Nguyen Ngoc Tien on Pexels
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#travel tips#vietnam basics#bathroom#toilet#hygiene#backpacking#first time visitors
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越南的卫生间设施跨度极大——从配有加热坐垫的酒店套房,到山区路边用混凝土砌成的地面坑洞。在推开门之前了解会遇到什么,能让你省去不少心理负担。

蹲厕:哪里会遇到?

蹲厕(一种与地面齐平的陶瓷便池)在汽车站、当地市场、乡村民宿、路边 pho 店以及较旧的政府大楼中依然很常见。如果你计划前往 Ha Giang 环线旅行,或者入住 Mai Chau 的家庭式民宿,大部分时间都要做好使用蹲厕的准备。无论在哪个地区,蹲厕在越南的老建筑中都是标配。

使用方法很简单:双脚踩在两侧的防滑垫上,蹲低,对准前方。冲水通常是使用旁边的水桶手动舀水,或是标准的冲水杆。如果没看到冲水杆也不必惊讶,那个水桶就是用来冲水的。

如果蹲厕对你来说确实有困难(如膝盖问题、行动不便),请在规划行程时提前注意。经济型旅馆有时会在一排蹲厕中设有一个坐式马桶,等待使用它是完全合理的。

坐厕:城市标准

在 Saigon、Hanoi、Da Nang 以及任何旅游业发达的城市,餐厅、咖啡馆、酒店、商场和大多数旅馆中,坐式马桶已成为主流。越南城市中咖啡馆文化兴起——几乎每隔几个街区就有一家精品咖啡馆——这显著提升了平均卫生间质量。一家一杯手冲咖啡卖 60,000 VND 的店,其卫生间几乎肯定会有干净的坐式马桶。

Hoi An 和 Hue 的高端酒店有时会配备功能齐全的日式智能马桶,带有冲洗和座圈加热功能。不必被控制面板吓到。

冲洗喷枪:学会爱上它

手持式冲洗喷枪(当地称为“voi xịt”,背包客圈子里简称为“the hose”)几乎安装在越南的每一个厕所旁边,无论是蹲厕还是坐厕。大多数越南人使用水而不是纸作为主要的清洁方式。喷枪不是备选方案,它是主角。

使用方法并不复杂。控制好水压,对准位置,搞定。事后你可能还是想用纸巾或个人毛巾擦干,但一旦习惯了,你会觉得只用纸巾简直是“倒退”。许多长期旅居越南的外籍人士和常客都认为,喷枪是越南卫生间里最被低估的神器。

如果旁边有喷枪,请使用它。它比单纯用纸更干净,能减少垃圾桶里的废弃物,而且当地的排水系统也是围绕这种方式设计的。

越南街头市场上的芒果糕。展示当地美食与城市文化。

摄影:Toàn Đỗ Công,来源:Pexels

卫生纸:供应问题

越南有卫生纸,但不要指望到处都有提供。中高端酒店通常供应充足。旅游区的餐厅和咖啡馆通常有纸,但偶尔会用完。至于汽车站、乡村路边摊和农贸市场,请务必自带。

一个会让初次到访者困惑的重要规则是:在大多数越南卫生间(包括许多现代设施)里,用过的纸应丢进厕所旁的垃圾桶,而不是直接冲进马桶。虽然不一定有明确标识,但如果厕所旁放着一个带盖垃圾桶,那就是给你的提示。越南的老旧管道系统无法可靠地处理纸张,在旅馆里造成管道堵塞可不是什么愉快的下午。拿不准的时候,就丢进桶里。

随身携带清单

一个小小的旅行包能解决你遇到的几乎所有卫生间难题:

  • 便携纸巾或旅行装纸巾 —— 在任何便利店都能买到的铝箔包装纸巾,价格约 5,000–10,000 VND,非常好用。
  • 免洗洗手液或小块肥皂 —— 洗手台的肥皂供应不稳定,有时甚至根本没有洗手台。
  • 零钱 —— 旅游景点、汽车站和市场的公共厕所通常收费 2,000–5,000 VND。请把硬币或小额纸币放在口袋里,不要埋在包底。

这就是你需要的一切,无需准备复杂的旅行厕所套装。

越南河内还剑湖龟塔的风景,四周绿树环绕。

摄影:Nguyen Ngoc Tien,来源:Pexels

公共厕所收费

在 Hoi An 古镇入口处、Ninh Binh 附近的拜顶寺(Bai Dinh)以及大型汽车站,公共厕所通常会收取少量费用——一般为 3,000–5,000 VND。会有专人在外收费。这是完全正常的,而且收费后的卫生间通常也更干净。请直接付费,无需讨价还价。

大型旅游景点通常将厕所费用包含在门票内,因此是免费的。任何单独收费的地方,卫生质量通常至少是合格的。

乡村与民宿情况

如果你在 Sapa 徒步,或者住在北部的山地部落民宿,卫生间设施可能非常简陋——蹲式便池、水桶冲水、没有热水、没有喷枪。随着国内外旅游业的发展,一些乡村民宿近年来显著改善了设施,但这并非普遍现象。如果你对此有要求,请在预订时询问清楚。

而在另一个极端,像 Phong Nha 等地的精品生态旅馆为了吸引游客,在卫生间设施上投入了大量资金。预订前请确认清楚。

总结

随身携带纸巾和零钱,学会使用喷枪,并将用过的纸丢进垃圾桶——掌握这三个习惯,你就解决了 90% 的问题。越南的卫生间设施因地而异,但只要了解会遇到什么,应对起来完全不会有压力。