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Tet Trung Thu:越南的儿童中秋节 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Destinations · all · hanoi

Tet Trung Thu:越南的儿童中秋节

Tet Trung Thu 是越南备受喜爱的中秋节,它将各个街区变成灯火辉煌的庆典。孩子们提着星星灯笼游行,家人们在满月下分享月饼。这既是丰收节、儿童节,也是家庭团聚的日子。

By the Wayfarer teamFeb 24, 20264 min read
A vibrant Hanoi street with an art studio, colorful lanterns, and local shops.
↑ A vibrant Hanoi street with an art studio, colorful lanterns, and local shops.Photo by Hiếu Vũ Vlog on Pexels
Tags
#tet trung thu#mid autumn festival#vietnam festivals#cultural traditions#family travel#lunar calendar#lanterns#mooncakes#hanoi#ho chi minh city
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    为什么 Tet Trung Thu 在越南如此重要

    Tet Trung Thu(中秋节)在农历八月十五——通常是九月下旬或十月上旬。虽然这个节日源于中国拥有3000多年历史的丰收传统,但越南 (베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム) 已经将其发展出了独特的本土风情。在这里,它被称为儿童节(le Trung Thu),据说这一晚的满月最为明亮,家人们聚在一起庆祝青春、团聚,并感恩丰收。

    与许多越南节日不同,Tet Trung Thu 不仅仅是大人的节日。孩子们才是主角:他们提着手工制作的灯笼,在街道上游行,唱着节日歌曲,品尝父母提前几周准备好的特色美食。

    灯笼游行:无处不在的灯笼

    在 Tet Trung Thu 的夜晚,走在任何一个越南街区,你都会看到孩子们手里紧紧攥着形状各异、色彩缤纷的灯笼。最具标志性的是星星灯笼(den ong sao)——一种从内部点亮的五角星形纸质或丝绸灯笼,随着孩子们的走动投射出几何形状的阴影。

    这些灯笼不仅漂亮,它们还象征着指引繁荣和好运的灯塔。父母会从街头小贩那里购买,或者和孩子们一起手工制作——有可折叠的纸质设计、塑料荧光棒、布制蝴蝶,现在甚至还有 LED 版本。

    游行活动随性而充满欢乐。街区里的组织形式很松散;孩子们自发地开始走动,大人们则跟在后面拍照欢呼。舞狮通常会伴随灯笼游行,用锣鼓喧天的活力点燃街道。在 Hanoi 和 Ho Chi Minh City,规模较大的有组织游行会吸引数千人参加。

    月饼:“Banh Trung Thu”

    “Banh trung thu”(月饼)是这个节日舌尖上的核心。这是一种口感厚实的糕点,通常有拳头大小甚至更大,里面填满了香甜的莲蓉、咸鸭蛋黄或绿豆沙。更现代的版本还包括冰淇淋月饼,或者加入奶酪和火腿的咸味馅料。

    制作或购买月饼是一件非常严肃的事情。家庭经营的糕点店在八月份就开始生产,而货架在节前几周就会被抢购一空。朋友、家人和商业伙伴之间会互赠月饼礼盒——这与西方文化中的圣诞巧克力非常相似。

    传统的仪式是将月饼切成薄片,在家庭餐桌上与大家分享,同时一起赏月。如果糕点里面有咸蛋黄,那它就代表着月亮本身。

    积云上方的月亮

    图片由 Fir0002 提供,来自 Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA)

    节日盛宴

    Tet (뗏 (베트남 설날) / 越南春节 / テト (ベトナム旧正月)) Trung Thu 的晚餐不如 Tet(农历新年)那么正式,但丰盛程度丝毫不减。典型的食物包括:

    • 芝麻或绿豆糯米饭(com nep)
    • 新鲜水果:石榴、柚子、番荔枝
    • 烤肉(烤鸡肉、猪肉)
    • 腌菜
    • 月饼(必不可少)

    家人们会在院子或阳台上摆放矮桌,一边吃饭一边观看月亮升起。祖父母会给孩子们讲述月亮女神嫦娥和她的丈夫神箭手后羿的传说。(根据神话,后羿从仙人那里得到了一剂长生不老药。当一个心怀叵测的徒弟企图偷走它时,嫦娥自己吞下了仙药并飞升到了月亮上——她选择住在那里,是为了能离在地球上的丈夫近一些。)

    这种讲故事的方式是一种文化传承:孩子们在吃着甜食、仰望夜空的同时,学习到了古老的信仰、牺牲和忠诚。

    越南各地的地域特色

    虽然核心的庆祝活动是一致的——灯笼、月饼、家庭聚会——但各地的风情却有所不同。

    在湄公河三角洲 (메콩 델타 / 湄公河三角洲 / メコンデルタ)(Ho Chi Minh City、Can Tho、美湫),以椰子为原料的月饼更为常见,小贩们在卖灯笼的同时也会出售小玩具和面具。水道本身也成了游船巡游的路线。

    在 Hanoi,Tet Trung Thu 感觉更加内敛——灯笼的设计更古朴,街区聚会的规模也较小。老城区挤满了出售传统纸质星星灯笼的小贩。

    Da Lat 和中部高原 (중부 고원 / 中部高原 / 中部高原) 的庆祝活动则比较安静,大型游行较少,更多的是温馨的家庭聚餐。凉爽的气候让户外聚会变得更加舒适。

    时代城巨大的中秋兔子灯笼

    图片由 Newone 提供,来自 Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA)

    何时何地去体验

    如果你在九月或十月访问越南,并且刚好赶上农历中秋,那么 Tet Trung Thu 绝对值得你为此安排行程。

    观赏庆典的最佳地点:

    • Hanoi: 老城区,还剑湖周边(夜间灯笼展)
    • Ho Chi Minh City: 第一郡(Nguyen Hue 步行街经常举办有组织的游行)
    • Hoi An: 古镇(街道上和秋盆河上的灯笼展)
    • Da Nang: 汉江畔(规模较小但非常上镜的庆祝活动)

    如何参与其中:

    你不需要邀请函。从任何街头小贩那里买一个灯笼(5,000–50,000 VND,取决于大小和质量),然后和街区里的孩子们一起漫步。当地人对游客非常热情。买些月饼或自带月饼与大家分享——这是打开话匣子的绝佳礼物。

    如果你住在青旅或酒店,工作人员可以告诉你当地庆祝活动的时间和地点。许多街区在晚上 6–7 点左右开始灯笼游行,8 点达到高潮,到晚上 10 点左右逐渐结束。

    孩子们的节日(也是你内心童真的节日)

    Tet Trung Thu 提醒着成年人为什么童年的魔力如此重要。它不像某些西方节日那样商业化;它真正植根于家庭时光、月光和简单的快乐。被灯笼照亮的孩子们的脸庞、月饼碎屑的香气、远处舞狮传来的鼓声——这些构成了这个夜晚的质感。

    如果你在 Tet Trung Thu 期间身处越南,请在晚上的某个时刻暂时放下相机。提上一盏灯笼。吃一块月饼。听听那些故事。你就会明白,为什么越南人——即使是几十年前就已移民海外的人——依然会为了这个夜晚回到家乡。