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Thap Po Klong Garai:Phan Rang 附近的占婆塔游客指南 | Vietnam Wayfarer
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🇨🇳 Destinations · central · khanh-hoa

Thap Po Klong Garai:Phan Rang 附近的占婆塔游客指南

参观 Thap Po Klong Garai 的实用指南。这是 Vietnam 保存最完好的占婆塔建筑群,位于 Khanh Hoa 省 Phan Rang 附近。

By the Wayfarer teamMay 23, 20266 min read
Captivating scene of a traditional Cham cultural ceremony at Po Klong Garai, Phan Rang, Vietnam.
↑ Captivating scene of a traditional Cham cultural ceremony at Po Klong Garai, Phan Rang, Vietnam.Photo by Felix Schickel on Pexels
Tags
#thap po klong garai#khanh hoa#central#destinations#cham towers#phan rang#cultural heritage
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    它的背景与重要性

    Thap Po Klong Garai 是位于 Trau Hill 上的三座砖塔建筑群,距离 Phan Rang 市中心以西约 7 km。该建筑群建于 13 世纪末的 Champa 王国时期,旨在纪念 Po Klong Garai 国王。这位统治者因修建灌溉系统、使周围低地保持丰产而备受赞誉。这些塔是 Vietnam(베트남 / 越南 / ベトナム)现存保存最完好的占婆宗教建筑之一——它们没有被玻璃罩住,也没有用绳子隔开,只是静静地矗立在一座干燥的山丘上,下方长满了葡萄藤和灌木丛。

    与一些感觉像户外博物馆的遗产地不同,Po Klong Garai 至今仍在使用。当地的占族社区会在这里举行仪式,尤其是在每年秋天的“Kate”节期间。在大多数日子里,你都能在主塔底部看到供奉的水果和香火。

    该建筑群由三座建筑组成:主神殿塔(“kalan”)、一座较小的火塔和一座门塔。kalan 是最高的一座,高约 20 米,入口处雕刻着 Shiva 的神牛 Nandin 的图像。砖砌工艺是真正的亮点——经过七个世纪的岁月,砖块之间的接缝依然紧密,看不到任何灰泥。Champa 建筑师是如何做到这一点的,至今仍是一个谜。

    游客为何慕名而来

    大多数游客来此是因为对占婆文化感兴趣,或者是在 Nha Trang(냐짱 / 芽庄 / ニャチャン)和 Mui Ne 之间的沿海路线上途经此地。花一点时间参观这些塔绝对物超所值——你可以在 45 分钟到 1 小时内看完所有景点,但山顶上俯瞰干燥平原和远处群山的景色值得你多作停留。Phan Rang 周边地区与海岸线的其他地方感觉截然不同:更干燥、更荒凉,比起热带的 Vietnam,这里更像拉贾斯坦邦的灌木林地。

    如果你已经去过 Nha Trang 的 Po Nagar,那么 Po Klong Garai 会是一个很好的对比。Po Nagar 交通更便利,但商业化气息更重;而 Po Klong Garai 则更安静、未经过度修饰,可以说更有氛围感。

    最佳游览时间

    1 月至 8 月的旱季是理想的游览时间。这段海岸线的降雨量比 Vietnam 其他任何地方都要少,因此即使在“雨季”(9 月至 11 月)也完全可以游玩。如果你想看塔群在仪式中的使用场景,通常在 10 月举行的 Kate 节是最有趣的时期——届时会有占族音乐、传统服饰以及成群结队的当地家庭。具体日期请查看占族农历,因为每年都会有所变动。

    早上(9 点前)是拍照的最佳时间。塔群朝东,清晨的光线非常好。到了中午,山顶毫无遮挡,非常炎热——几乎没有阴凉处。

    如何前往

    从 Nha Trang 出发,沿着 QL1A 公路向南行驶约 100 km 即可到达 Phan Rang。交通方式如下:

    • 巴士: 从 Nha Trang 南部汽车站开往 Phan Rang 的定期巴士大约需要 2 小时,票价为 60,000–80,000 VND。从 Phan Rang 汽车站乘坐出租车或 Grab 前往塔群大约需要 30,000–40,000 VND。
    • 火车: Reunification Express(统一快车)在 Thap Cham 站停靠,该站的名字正是取自这些塔,距离景点仅 2 km。从 Nha Trang 出发的火车大约需要 1.5 小时。硬座票价约为 50,000–70,000 VND。从 Thap Cham 站出发,步行 20 分钟即可到达塔群,或者花 15,000 VND 叫一辆 xe om(摩的)。
    • 摩托车: 从 Nha Trang 沿着 QL1A 骑行非常简单。算上中途休息,预计需要 2–2.5 小时。过了 Cam Ranh 之后,道路平坦且铺设良好。

    如果你在 Nha Trang 和 Mui Ne(무이네 / 美奈 / ムイネー)之间旅行,Po Klong Garai 是一个天然的中途停靠点。

    探索 Vietnam Phan Rang 岩石山的自然之美。

    照片由 Vung Nguyen 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    游玩亮点

    爬山并探索三座古塔

    从停车场到山顶的小路大约需要走 5 分钟。到达山顶后,先从门塔开始参观,然后是主塔 kalan,最后是火塔。留意主神殿内雕刻的 linga-yoni(林伽-约尼)——上面依然披着仪式用的布。入口处的 Nandin 雕像是所有占婆遗址中最完好的雕像之一。

    近距离研究砖砌工艺

    如果你对建筑感兴趣,不妨仔细端详。砖缝的精准度、门道上方雕刻的砂岩门楣以及装饰性的壁柱,都值得你慢慢品味。现场的指示牌信息很少,因此提前阅读相关资料会很有帮助。

    参观小型占婆文化展

    在山脚下,有一个简朴的展览室,里面陈列着 Kate 节的照片以及占婆纺织品和陶器的样本。参观只需 10 分钟,但能提供有用的背景信息。

    漫步 Trau Hill

    周围地区有一种在 Vietnam 罕见的半干旱感——仙人掌、枯草、山羊。绕山脚走一圈大约需要 15 分钟,可以让你从不同的角度欣赏这些塔。

    结合占婆编织村一起游玩

    位于以南约 10 km 处的 My Nghiep 村以传统的占婆织锦而闻名。你可以观看织工在织布机上劳作,并直接购买纺织品。将古塔和村庄结合起来安排半日游非常合适。

    附近美食推荐

    Phan Rang 以两样东西闻名:葡萄和羊肉。“Thit de”(羊肉)是当地的特色美食——烤、蒸、火锅或咖喱做法应有尽有。在 Phan Rang 的 Nguyen Van Cu 街上,有一排羊肉餐厅,提供全羊宴,人均消费为 150,000–250,000 VND。寻找那些有当地人光顾的地方——Quan De 45 和 De Vuon Nho 都是不错的选择。

    如果想吃点清淡的,可以尝尝这里的“banh canh”。Phan Rang 版本的 banh canh 使用鱼饼,汤底比 Hue 风味的更清淡——在市场附近的街边摊,一碗的价格为 30,000–40,000 VND。

    住宿推荐

    大多数游客会选择在 Phan Rang 住宿,或者在 Nha Trang 和 Mui Ne 之间途经此地。

    • 经济型: 汽车站附近和 Thong Nhat 街沿线的宾馆每晚价格为 200,000–350,000 VND。设施简单但很干净。
    • 中档型: Phan Rang 市中心的一些新酒店提供带空调和早餐的客房,价格为 500,000–800,000 VND。靠近海滩的 Saigon Ninh Chu Hotel 是一个可靠的选择。
    • 海滩度假村: 位于 Phan Rang 以东约 6 km 处的 Ninh Chu 湾有几家度假村,价格在 1,000,000–2,500,000 VND 之间。这是一片宁静的海滩,没有 Nha Trang 那么拥挤。

    在湛蓝天空的映衬下,Vietnam 一座古老占婆塔的迷人景色,突显了其错综复杂的建筑风格。

    照片由 ㅤ quang vinh ㅤ 拍摄,来自 Pexels

    当地人的实用建议

    • 门票是 15,000 VND——几乎等于免费。请保留好票根。
    • 穿着得体。这些塔是活跃的宗教场所。遮住肩膀和膝盖是尊重的表现,尤其是在举行仪式的时候。
    • 自带饮用水。山脚下有卖饮料的小贩,但山顶上什么都没有。
    • 停车场有几个出售占婆风格陶器和纺织品的纪念品摊位。价格很公道——在这里其实没必要讨价还价。
    • 如果你乘火车到达 Thap Cham 站,有时候那里可能叫不到 Grab。请准备好现金乘坐 xe om。

    常见避坑指南

    • 走马观花。 30 分钟不足以欣赏这里的雕刻和环境。请给自己至少留出 1 小时的时间。
    • 中午游览。 山顶完全暴露在阳光下。早上或傍晚会舒服得多。
    • 跳过 Phan Rang 本身。 大多数游客只是匆匆路过。这座小镇有真正美味的食物、Ninh Chu 宁静的海滩,而且完全没有商业化的旅游气息。这里值得你住上一晚。
    • 穿人字拖。 上山的小路有不平整的石阶。最好穿带后跟带的凉鞋或合适的运动鞋。

    实用提示

    Po Klong Garai 非常适合自由行,作为沿海路线上的半日游停靠点再合适不过了。将它与 Ninh Chu 海滩的午后时光或 Phan Rang 的全羊宴结合起来,你就能在 Nha Trang 到 Mui Ne 的旅程中,体验到最有趣的绕道之旅之一。