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Yok Don国家公园:越南最大的公园,为何大多数外国游客都错过了它? | Vietnam Wayfarer
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  3. Yok Don国家公园:越南最大的公园,为何大多数外国游客都错过了它?
🇨🇳 Destinations · central · buon-ma-thuot

Yok Don国家公园:越南最大的公园,为何大多数外国游客都错过了它?

Yok Don是越南最大的国家公园,也是游客最稀少的公园之一。这里为您揭秘公园内部的真实景象,以及如何正确地游览此地。

Nam Nguyen 撰写May 30, 20265 分钟阅读
Explore the scenic beauty of Lang Biang with lush greenery and expansive views over Đà Lạt, Việt Nam.
↑ Explore the scenic beauty of Lang Biang with lush greenery and expansive views over Đà Lạt, Việt Nam.Photo by Tường Chopper on Pexels
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#national parks#wildlife#trekking#central highlands#dak lak#elephants#m nong#ecotourism#off the beaten path#dry season travel
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Yok Don国家公园占地约115,000公顷,位于多乐省(Dak Lak)的龙脑香干旱森林中,按面积计算是越南最大的国家公园。大多数前往中部高地(Central Highlands)的外国游客通常只会在Buon Ma Thuot郊外的咖啡种植园稍作停留便匆匆离开。这是一个值得纠正的遗憾。

这是什么样的公园

忘掉郁郁葱葱的热带雨林吧。Yok Don的地貌是开阔、干燥的龙脑香林——高大而稀疏的树木,林下覆盖着干草,根据季节的不同,色彩从尘土般的金色变为焦橙色。公园西侧与柬埔寨接壤,位于东南亚最重要的野生动物走廊之一内。

公园内栖息着野生亚洲象、印度野牛、爪哇野牛、马来熊以及数百种鸟类。在两小时的徒步中,你不太可能看到大型哺乳动物——Yok Don的游览方式并非如此——但深入森林的多日徒步旅行,让你有真正机会看到印度野牛,如果你足够耐心,甚至能发现大象的足迹。这里的生态系统与越南其他任何地方都截然不同,比起Sapa潮湿的山脉或宁平(Ninh Binh)的喀斯特地貌,它在感官上更接近泰国西部的旱季森林。

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Disclosure

大象康复项目

几年前,Yok Don因逐步淘汰骑象活动而登上头条——这是越南国家公园近年来做出的最正确的决定之一。公园目前通过其大象保护中心运营“与象同行”项目,让曾经被圈养的大象逐渐回归更自然的生活状态。

你可以在保持尊重的距离下,与它们并肩穿行于森林中,观察它们觅食。这里没有骑在象背上的活动,也没有表演。半日游的费用约为每人750,000 VND,需要提前通过公园办公室预订——不要指望Buon Ma Thuot的旅馆能帮你处理,请直接致电公园或通过信誉良好的当地旅行社安排。每场活动的人数有限,这正是它应有的样子。

康复过程仍在进行中且并不完美——这些大象曾经是工作象,有着复杂的过去——但该项目的方向是正确的。

与M'Nong向导徒步

M'Nong族人世世代代居住在现在的Yok Don及其周边地区,公园聘请了当地的M'Nong护林员和向导来负责徒步项目。预订时这一点非常值得注意:来自M'Nong社区的向导对森林的解读方式与城市里的普通旅行社向导完全不同。他们了解动物饮水的干涸河床、吸引鸟类的果树,以及一天前的足迹与一小时前的足迹之间的区别。

多日徒步行程为一到三晚不等,通常在森林营地或公园边界附近的M'Nong村庄过夜。四人团的两晚徒步费用通常在每人2,500,000–3,500,000 VND左右,包含向导、餐食和露营装备,具体价格因运营商和团队规模而异。步道在技术上并不困难——地形平坦或起伏平缓——但旱季的热度不可小觑,且距离较长。请携带比你认为需要的更多的水。

虽然也有单日徒步,但一天的时间只能让你触及公园的外围。如果你是专门为Yok Don前往Buon Ma Thuot,请至少安排在园内过两晚。

阳光明媚的日子里,一头雄伟的亚洲象走在自然草原栖息地中。

图片来源:Pexels上的SABIK NISAM

何时前往

旱季(大致在11月至次年4月)是最佳窗口期。当草地呈现金色,树木落叶使视野变得开阔时,龙脑香林最具氛围感。野生动物会聚集在水源附近,这使得观察它们变得更容易预测。步道也更易通行。

5月至10月的雨季会显著改变公园的面貌。水蛭大量出现,步道变得泥泞且有时无法通行,茂密的绿色植被遮挡了视线。一些区域实际上处于封闭状态。公园虽然开放,但艰苦的徒步换来的回报却较少。

野生动物最活跃的时间通常是2月至4月,即第一场雨到来之前。

从Buon Ma Thuot出发

Yok Don的正门距离Buon Ma Thuot西北约40公里,车程约50分钟。你可以在Buon Ma Thuot租一辆摩托车(每天约150,000–200,000 VND)自行骑行前往,或者雇一名摩托车司机(xe om)往返。目前没有直达公园大门的可靠公共巴士。

Buon Ma Thuot本身有来自Hanoi和Saigon的航班,飞行时间分别约为一小时和45分钟。Da Lat位于东南方约200公里处,如果你打算在中部高地组合游览多个目的地,可以参考此距离。

外国游客的公园门票为60,000 VND。大门的游客中心可以安排基本的单日向导,但对于多日徒步,请提前通过公园旅游部门或与M'Nong向导社区有长期合作关系的Buon Ma Thuot当地运营商进行预订。

一名背着背包的匿名游客带着狗在森林小径上行走,追赶前面的徒步团队。

图片来源:Pexels上的Quang Nguyen Vinh

周边还有什么

Buon Ma Thuot是越南(Vietnam)名副其实的咖啡之都——多乐省的咖啡产量位居全国之首。这座城市本身功能性强于魅力,但咖啡文化非常纯正。在这里的路边摊喝上一杯用当地罗布斯塔咖啡豆制作的“ca phe sua da”,与在Hanoi喝到的体验截然不同。如果你想在进入公园前了解更多背景,城里的多乐省博物馆收藏了丰富的M'Nong族和Ede族少数民族文化展品。

Yok Don以及整个中部高地相对于它们所提供的旅游价值而言,依然被严重低估。这部分是因为基础设施,部分是因为知名度。这也意味着公园尚未被过度开发——徒步旅行的感觉就是真正的徒步,而不是排队。

实用提示

请至少提前两到三天直接联系公园(提前电话预订;英语沟通有限但基本可行)或通过Buon Ma Thuot的运营商预订大象项目和多日徒步。徒步时请轻装上阵,穿着中性色调的服装,并至少在当地安排三个完整的一天,以确保这趟旅程物有所值。